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Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to model causal relationships among random variables. In general, learning the DAG structure is both computationally and statistically challenging. Moreover, without additional information,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Ali Shojaie , Wenyu Chen

Directed acyclic graphical (DAG) models are a powerful tool for representing causal relationships among jointly distributed random variables, especially concerning data from across different experimental settings. However, it is not always…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Francisco Madaleno , Pratik Misra , Alex Markham

Monitoring and analyzing process traces is a critical task for modern companies and organizations. In scenarios where there is a gap between trace events and reference business activities, this entails an interpretation problem, amounting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bettina Fazzinga , Sergio Flesca , Filippo Furfaro , Luigi Pontieri , Francesco Scala

The problem of code generation from textual program descriptions has long been viewed as a grand challenge in software engineering. In recent years, many deep learning based approaches have been proposed, which can generate a sequence of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Chen Lyu , Ruyun Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Hanwen Zhang , Songlin Hu

Recent advances in Large Language Models have demonstrated their capabilities across a variety of tasks. However, automatically extracting implicit knowledge from natural language remains a significant challenge, as machines lack active…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Anna Sofia Lippolis , Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese , Aldo Gangemi

GraphRAG integrates (knowledge) graphs with large language models (LLMs) to improve reasoning accuracy and contextual relevance. Despite its promising applications and strong relevance to multiple research communities, such as databases and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yukun Cao , Zengyi Gao , Zhiyang Li , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou , Jianliang Xu

In this report, we present TAGLAS, an atlas of text-attributed graph (TAG) datasets and benchmarks. TAGs are graphs with node and edge features represented in text, which have recently gained wide applicability in training graph-language or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jiarui Feng , Hao Liu , Lecheng Kong , Mingfang Zhu , Yixin Chen , Muhan Zhang

Feature attribution is a fundamental task in both machine learning and data analysis, which involves determining the contribution of individual features or variables to a model's output. This process helps identify the most important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jinfeng Zhong , Elsa Negre

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in complex reasoning problems. Their effectiveness highly depends on the specific nature of the task, especially the required domain knowledge. Existing approaches, such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Jiangwen Dong , Zehui Lin , Wanyu Lin , Mingjin Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with the factual error during inference due to the lack of sufficient training data and the most updated knowledge, leading to the hallucination problem. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zulun Zhu , Tiancheng Huang , Kai Wang , Junda Ye , Xinghe Chen , Siqiang Luo

Grading short answer questions automatically with interpretable reasoning behind the grading decision is a challenging goal for current transformer approaches. Justification cue detection, in combination with logical reasoners, has shown a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Felix Künnecke , Anna Filighera , Colin Leong , Tim Steuer

Learning causal relationships between variables is a well-studied problem in statistics, with many important applications in science. However, modeling real-world systems remain challenging, as most existing algorithms assume that the…

Graph Representation Learning (GRL) is an influential methodology, enabling a more profound understanding of graph-structured data and aiding graph clustering, a critical task across various domains. The recent incursion of attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Shuo Han , Jiacheng Liu , Jiayun Wu , Yinan Chen , Li Tao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a powerful and widely used approach for improving large language models by grounding generation in retrieved evidence. However, RAG systems still produce incorrect answers in many cases. Why…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kai Guo , Xinnan Dai , Zhibo Zhang , Nuohan Lin , Shenglai Zeng , Jie Ren , Haoyu Han , Jiliang Tang

The proliferation of datasets across open data portals and enterprise data lakes presents an opportunity for deriving data-driven insights. Widely-used dataset search systems rely on keyword search over dataset metadata, including…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Haoxiang Zhang , Yurong Liu , Aécio Santos , Wei-Lun Hung , Juliana Freire

Dialogue-based Relation Extraction (DRE) aims to predict the relation type of argument pairs that are mentioned in dialogue. The latest trigger-enhanced methods propose trigger prediction tasks to promote DRE. However, these methods are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Hao An , Dongsheng Chen , Weiyuan Xu , Zhihong Zhu , Yuexian Zou

Automatically evaluating the quality of dialogue responses for unstructured domains is a challenging problem. Unfortunately, existing automatic evaluation metrics are biased and correlate very poorly with human judgements of response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-18 Ryan Lowe , Michael Noseworthy , Iulian V. Serban , Nicolas Angelard-Gontier , Yoshua Bengio , Joelle Pineau

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves large language models by retrieving external knowledge, often truncated into smaller chunks due to the input context window, which leads to information loss, resulting in response hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jie Zhang , Bo Tang , Wanzi Shao , Wenqiang Wei , Jihao Zhao , Jianqing Zhu , Zhiyu li , Wen Xi , Zehao Lin , Feiyu Xiong , Yanchao Tan

Attribution theory explains how individuals interpret and attribute others' behavior in a social context by employing personal (dispositional) and impersonal (situational) causality. Large Language Models (LLMs), trained on human-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hossein Salemi , Jitin Krishnan , Hemant Purohit

Through considerable effort and intuition, several recent works have reverse-engineered nontrivial behaviors of transformer models. This paper systematizes the mechanistic interpretability process they followed. First, researchers choose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Arthur Conmy , Augustine N. Mavor-Parker , Aengus Lynch , Stefan Heimersheim , Adrià Garriga-Alonso