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Recent developments in vision language models (VLM) have shown great potential for diverse applications related to image understanding. In this study, we have explored state-of-the-art VLM models for vision-based transportation engineering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sanjita Prajapati , Tanu Singh , Chinmay Hegde , Pranamesh Chakraborty

Vision language models (VLMs) are an exciting emerging class of language models (LMs) that have merged classic LM capabilities with those of image processing systems. However, the ways that these capabilities combine are not always…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Qiucheng Wu , Handong Zhao , Michael Saxon , Trung Bui , William Yang Wang , Yang Zhang , Shiyu Chang

Current Vision-Language Model (VLM)-based end-to-end autonomous driving systems often leverage large language models to generate driving decisions directly based on their understanding of the current scene. However, such systems introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dacheng Liao , Mengshi Qi , Peng Shu , Zhining Zhang , Yuxin Lin , Liang Liu , Huadong Ma

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have become state-of-the-art for many computer vision tasks, with in-context learning (ICL) as a popular adaptation strategy for new ones. But can VLMs learn novel concepts purely from visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Bowen Zhao , Leo Parker Dirac , Paulina Varshavskaya

Human-scene vision-language tasks are increasingly prevalent in diverse social applications, yet recent advancements predominantly rely on models specifically tailored to individual tasks. Emerging research indicates that large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Dawei Dai , Xu Long , Li Yutang , Zhang Yuanhui , Shuyin Xia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage aligned visual encoders to transform images into visual tokens, allowing them to be processed similarly to text by the backbone large language model (LLM). This unified input paradigm enables VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Bangzheng Li , Fei Wang , Wenxuan Zhou , Nan Xu , Ben Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

Visual inputs are often assumed to improve language understanding in multimodal models. We examine this assumption by asking whether vision-language models (VLMs) can distinguish useful visual evidence from incidental image context in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yifan Jiang , Ruoxi Ning , Sheng Yao , Freda Shi

Object state recognition aims to identify the specific condition of objects, such as their positional states (e.g., open or closed) and functional states (e.g., on or off). While recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mahiro Ukai , Shuhei Kurita , Nakamasa Inoue

While pretraining on large-scale image-text data from the Web has facilitated rapid progress on many vision-and-language (V&L) tasks, recent work has demonstrated that pretrained models lack "fine-grained" understanding, such as the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Emanuele Bugliarello , Laurent Sartran , Aishwarya Agrawal , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Aida Nematzadeh

Temporal understanding in autonomous driving (AD) remains a significant challenge, even for recent state-of-the-art (SoTA) Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Prior work has introduced datasets and benchmarks aimed at improving temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kevin Cannons , Saeed Ranjbar Alvar , Mohammad Asiful Hossain , Ahmad Rezaei , Mohsen Gholami , Alireza Heidarikhazaei , Zhou Weimin , Yong Zhang , Mohammad Akbari

While traditional computer vision models have historically struggled to generalize to endoscopic domains, the emergence of foundation models has shown promising cross-domain performance. In this work, we present the first large-scale study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Leon Mayer , Tim Rädsch , Dominik Michael , Lucas Luttner , Amine Yamlahi , Evangelia Christodoulou , Patrick Godau , Marcel Knopp , Annika Reinke , Fiona Kolbinger , Lena Maier-Hein

We propose general visual inspection model using Vision-Language Model~(VLM) with few-shot images of non-defective or defective products, along with explanatory texts that serve as inspection criteria. Although existing VLM exhibit high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Shiryu Ueno , Yoshikazu Hayashi , Shunsuke Nakatsuka , Yusei Yamada , Hiroaki Aizawa , Kunihito Kato

Vision Large Language Models (VLMs) combine visual understanding with natural language processing, enabling tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and video analysis. While VLMs show impressive capabilities across domains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ahmed Sharshar , Latif U. Khan , Waseem Ullah , Mohsen Guizani

In recent years, we have witnessed significant progress in emerging deep learning models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs). These models have demonstrated promising results, indicating a new era of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Paola Natalia Cañas , Marcos Nieto , Oihana Otaegui , Igor Rodríguez

Designing effective game tutorials is crucial for a smooth learning curve for new players, especially in games with many rules and complex core mechanics. Evaluating the effectiveness of these tutorials usually requires multiple iterations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Daniele Rege Cambrin , Gabriele Scaffidi Militone , Luca Colomba , Giovanni Malnati , Daniele Apiletti , Paolo Garza

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task in autonomous driving by integrating Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with continual learning. In autonomous driving, VQA plays a vital role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yuxin Lin , Mengshi Qi , Liang Liu , Huadong Ma

Zero-shot vision-and-language navigation (VLN) has gained significant attention due to its minimal data collection costs and inherent generalization. This paradigm is typically driven by the integration of pre-trained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ziyi Xia , Chaoran Xiong , Litao Wei , Xinhao Hu , Ling Pei

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multi-Modal Language models (MMLMs) have become prominent in autonomous driving research, as these models can provide interpretable textual reasoning and responses for end-to-end autonomous driving safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Ross Greer , Mohan Trivedi

Autonomous driving systems often infer pedestrian yielding behavior from geometric and kinematic cues alone, limiting their ability to reason about visual scene context and age-dependent behavioral variability. This limitation can produce…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Qingwen Pu , Kun Xie , Yuxiang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are growingly extended to process multimodal data such as text and video simultaneously. Their remarkable performance in understanding what is shown in images is surpassing specialized neural networks (NNs) such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Malsha Ashani Mahawatta Dona , Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Yinan Yu , Christian Berger