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In this report, we introduce our first-generation reasoning model, LexPro-1.0, a large language model designed for the highly specialized Chinese legal domain, offering comprehensive capabilities to meet diverse realistic needs. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Haotian Chen , Yanyu Xu , Boyan Wang , Chaoyue Zhao , Xiaoyu Han , Fang Wang , Lizhen Cui , Yonghui Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential for domain-specific applications, such as the law domain. However, recent disputes over GPT-4's law evaluation raise questions concerning their performance in real-world legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ruihao Shui , Yixin Cao , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has provided significant support and opportunities for the advancement of domain-specific LLMs. However, fine-tuning these large models using Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Ruilin Liu , Zhixiao Zhao , Jieqiong Li , Chang Liu , Dongbo Wang

Long-form legal reasoning remains a key challenge for large language models (LLMs) in spite of recent advances in test-time scaling. To address this, we introduce LEXam, a novel benchmark derived from 340 law exams spanning 116 law school…

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), various LLM-based works have been widely applied in educational fields. However, most existing LLMs and their benchmarks focus primarily on the knowledge dimension, largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Min Zhang , Hao Chen , Hao Chen , Wenqi Zhang , Didi Zhu , Xin Lin , Bo Jiang , Aimin Zhou , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Legal claims refer to the plaintiff's demands in a case and are essential to guiding judicial reasoning and case resolution. While many works have focused on improving the efficiency of legal professionals, the research on helping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Siying Zhou , Yiquan Wu , Hui Chen , Xavier Hu , Kun Kuang , Adam Jatowt , Ming Hu , Chunyan Zheng , Fei Wu

Large language models sometimes produce false or misleading responses. Two approaches to this problem are honesty elicitation -- modifying prompts or weights so that the model answers truthfully -- and lie detection -- classifying whether a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Helena Casademunt , Bartosz Cywiński , Khoi Tran , Arya Jakkli , Samuel Marks , Neel Nanda

Large language models (LLMs), in conjunction with various reasoning reinforcement methodologies, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities comparable to humans in fields such as mathematics, law, coding, common sense, and world knowledge.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Chuwen Wang , Shirong Zeng , Cheng Wang

Making legal knowledge accessible to non-experts is crucial for enhancing general legal literacy and encouraging civic participation in democracy. However, legal documents are often challenging to understand for people without legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hang Jiang , Xiajie Zhang , Robert Mahari , Daniel Kessler , Eric Ma , Tal August , Irene Li , Alex 'Sandy' Pentland , Yoon Kim , Deb Roy , Jad Kabbara

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown promise across many tasks, yet their scientific reasoning capabilities remain untested, particularly in multimodal settings. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinwu Ye , Chengfan Li , Siming Chen , Wei Wei , Xiangru Tang

The rapid development of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) raises the question of how they compare to human performance. While existing datasets often feature synthetic or overly simplistic tasks, some models have already surpassed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zichen Zhu , Yang Xu , Lu Chen , Jingkai Yang , Yichuan Ma , Yiming Sun , Hailin Wen , Jiaqi Liu , Jinyu Cai , Yingzi Ma , Situo Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Liangtai Sun , Kai Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used both to make decisions in domains such as health, education and law, and to simulate human behavior. Yet how closely LLMs mirror actual human decision-making remains poorly understood. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Andrea Cera Palatsi , Samuel Martin-Gutierrez , Ana S. Cardenal , Max Pellert

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their ability to process long contexts, yet a notable gap remains in generating long, aligned outputs. This limitation stems from a training gap where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Shanghaoran Quan , Tianyi Tang , Bowen Yu , An Yang , Dayiheng Liu , Bofei Gao , Jianhong Tu , Yichang Zhang , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has had a profoundly transformative effect on a number of fields and domains. However, their uptake in Law has proven more challenging due to the important issues of reliability and transparency. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Strahinja Klem , Noura Al Moubayed

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in various aspects. However, when applying them to the highly specialized, safe-critical legal domain, it is unclear how much legal knowledge they possess and whether they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Zhiwei Fei , Xiaoyu Shen , Dawei Zhu , Fengzhe Zhou , Zhuo Han , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen , Zongwen Shen , Jidong Ge

Pretrained large Language Models (LLMs) are able to answer questions that are unlikely to have been encountered during training. However a diversity of potential applications exist in the broad domain of reasoning systems and considerations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Tim Hartill

Generative large language models (LLMs) have shown great success in various applications, including question-answering (QA) and dialogue systems. However, in specialized domains like traditional Chinese medical QA, these models may perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yang Tan , Mingchen Li , Zijie Huang , Huiqun Yu , Guisheng Fan

Legal practice requires careful adherence to procedural rules. In the United States, few are more complex than those found in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. Compliance with this system's 500+ pages of byzantine formatting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Matthew Dahl

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on natural-language logical reasoning is essential because rule-governed tasks require conclusions to follow strictly from stated premises. Many existing logical-reasoning benchmarks are generated by…

Multi-modal large language models(MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress and demonstrated powerful knowledge comprehension and reasoning abilities. However, the mastery of domain-specific knowledge, which is essential for evaluating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zheqi He , Xinya Wu , Pengfei Zhou , Richeng Xuan , Guang Liu , Xi Yang , Qiannan Zhu , Hua Huang