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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been a topic of interest for many years. It is defined as the process of digitizing a document image into its constituent characters. Despite decades of intense research, developing OCR with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Noman Islam , Zeeshan Islam , Nazia Noor

This paper introduces an open-source benchmark for evaluating Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tasks in dynamic video environments. We present a curated dataset containing 1,477 manually annotated frames…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sankalp Nagaonkar , Augustya Sharma , Ashish Choithani , Ashutosh Trivedi

Contrary to popular belief, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) remains a challenging problem when text occurs in unconstrained environments, like natural scenes, due to geometrical distortions, complex backgrounds, and diverse fonts. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Marcin Namysl , Iuliu Konya

Billions of public domain documents remain trapped in hard copy or lack an accurate digitization. Modern natural language processing methods cannot be used to index, retrieve, and summarize their texts; conduct computational textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tom Bryan , Jacob Carlson , Abhishek Arora , Melissa Dell

Traditionally, the performance of ocr algorithms and systems is based on the recognition of isolated characters. When a system classifies an individual character, its output is typically a character label or a reject marker that corresponds…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-09-08 B. S. Saritha , S. Hemanth

In this paper we introduce a method that significantly reduces the character error rates for OCR text obtained from OCRopus models trained on early printed books. The method uses a combination of cross fold training and confidence based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Christian Reul , Uwe Springmann , Christoph Wick , Frank Puppe

Word error rate of an ocr is often higher than its character error rate. This is especially true when ocrs are designed by recognizing characters. High word accuracies are critical to tasks like the creation of content in digital libraries…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Deepayan Das , Jerin Philip , Minesh Mathew , C. V. Jawahar

There is little to no data available to build natural language processing models for most endangered languages. However, textual data in these languages often exists in formats that are not machine-readable, such as paper books and scanned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Shruti Rijhwani , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Graham Neubig

This research paper delves into the development of an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system for the recognition of Ashokan Brahmi characters using Convolutional Neural Networks. It utilizes a comprehensive dataset of character images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yash Agrawal , Srinidhi Balasubramanian , Rahul Meena , Rohail Alam , Himanshu Malviya , Rohini P

Traditional metrics like BLEU and BERTScore fail to capture semantic fidelity in generative text-to-text tasks. We adapt the Cross-Examination Framework (CEF) for a reference-free, multi-dimensional evaluation by treating the source and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Tathagata Raha , Clement Christophe , Nada Saadi , Hamza A Javed , Marco AF Pimentel , Ronnie Rajan , Praveenkumar Kanithi

In this paper, we address the task of Optical Character Recognition(OCR) for the Telugu script. We present an end-to-end framework that segments the text image, classifies the characters and extracts lines using a language model. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-16 Rakesh Achanta , Trevor Hastie

The inherent complexities of Arabic script; its cursive nature, diacritical marks (tashkeel), and varied typography, pose persistent challenges for Optical Character Recognition (OCR). We present Qari-OCR, a series of vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ahmed Wasfy , Omer Nacar , Abdelakreem Elkhateb , Mahmoud Reda , Omar Elshehy , Adel Ammar , Wadii Boulila

Handwriting recognition is of crucial importance to both Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and paperwork digitization. In the general field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR), handwritten Chinese character recognition faces tremendous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Boxiang Dong , Aparna S. Varde , Danilo Stevanovic , Jiayin Wang , Liang Zhao

It is challenging to detect curve texts due to their irregular shapes and varying sizes. In this paper, we first investigate the deficiency of the existing curve detection methods and then propose a novel Conditional Spatial Expansion (CSE)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Zichuan Liu , Guosheng Lin , Sheng Yang , Fayao Liu , Weisi Lin , Wang Ling Goh

OCR errors are common in digitised historical archives significantly affecting their usability and value. Generative Language Models (LMs) have shown potential for correcting these errors using the context provided by the corrupted text and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jonathan Bourne

Optical character recognition (OCR) methods have been applied to diverse tasks, e.g., street view text recognition and document analysis. Recently, zero-shot OCR has piqued the interest of the research community because it considers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Xiaolei Diao , Daqian Shi , Jian Li , Lida Shi , Mingzhe Yue , Ruihua Qi , Chuntao Li , Hao Xu

With the advent of digital optical scanners, a lot of paper-based books, textbooks, magazines, articles, and documents are being transformed into an electronic version that can be manipulated by a computer. For this purpose, OCR, short for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Youssef Bassil , Mohammad Alwani

DeepSeek-OCR utilizes an optical 2D mapping approach to achieve high-ratio vision-text compression, claiming to decode text tokens exceeding ten times the input visual tokens. While this suggests a promising solution for the LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yunhao Liang , Ruixuan Ying , Bo Li , Hong Li , Kai Yan , Qingwen Li , Min Yang , Okamoto Satoshi , Zhe Cui , Shiwen Ni

Recognizer Output Voting Error Reduction (ROVER) has been widely used for system combination in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In order to select the most appropriate words to insert at each position in the output transcriptions, some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Shahab Jalalvand , Matteo Negri , Daniele Falavigna , Marco Matassoni , Marco Turchi

This paper introduces PreP-OCR, a two-stage pipeline that combines document image restoration with semantic-aware post-OCR correction to enhance both visual clarity and textual consistency, thereby improving text extraction from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shuhao Guan , Moule Lin , Cheng Xu , Xinyi Liu , Jinman Zhao , Jiexin Fan , Qi Xu , Derek Greene