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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process of extracting digitized text from images of scanned documents. While OCR systems have already matured in many languages, they still have shortcomings in cursive languages with overlapping…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Hussein Osman , Karim Zaghw , Mostafa Hazem , Seifeldin Elsehely

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is an established task with the objective of identifying the text present in an image. While many off-the-shelf OCR models exist, they are often trained for either scientific (e.g., formulae) or generic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Nan Zhang , Connor Heaton , Sean Timothy Okonsky , Prasenjit Mitra , Hilal Ezgi Toraman

Despite the recent success of scene text detection methods, common evaluation metrics fail to provide a fair and reliable comparison among detectors. They have obvious drawbacks in reflecting the inherent characteristic of text detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Chae Young Lee , Youngmin Baek , Hwalsuk Lee

Document comparison typically relies on optical character recognition (OCR) as its core technology. However, OCR requires the selection of appropriate language models for each document and the performance of multilingual or hybrid models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Doyoung Park , Naresh Reddy Yarram , Sunjin Kim , Minkyu Kim , Seongho Cho , Taehee Lee

In this paper, we propose a novel method based on character sequence-to-sequence models to correct documents already processed with Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems. The main contribution of this paper is a set of strategies to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Juan Ramirez-Orta , Eduardo Xamena , Ana Maguitman , Evangelos Milios , Axel J. Soto

Scene text recognition is an important and challenging task in computer vision. However, most prior works focus on recognizing pre-defined words, while there are various out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words in real-world applications. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuhua Ren , Hengcan Shi , Jin Li

This paper explores the use of a learned classifier for post-OCR text correction. Experiments with the Arabic language show that this approach, which integrates a weighted confusion matrix and a shallow language model, improves the vast…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Ido Kissos , Nachum Dershowitz

Document digitization is essential for the digital transformation of our societies, yet a crucial step in the process, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), is still not perfect. Even commercial OCR systems can produce questionable output…

Vision-language models (VLMs) can read text from images, but where does this optical character recognition (OCR) information enter the language processing stream? We investigate the OCR routing mechanism across three architecture families…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jonathan Steinberg , Oren Gal

Optical Character Recognition (OCR), the task of extracting textual information from scanned documents is a vital and broadly used technology for digitizing and indexing physical documents. Existing technologies perform well for clean…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Daniel Rotman , Ophir Azulai , Inbar Shapira , Yevgeny Burshtein , Udi Barzelay

Given the ubiquity of handwritten documents in human transactions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of documents have invaluable practical worth. Optical character recognition is a science that enables to translate various types of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Jamshed Memon , Maira Sami , Rizwan Ahmed Khan

Information Extraction from visually rich documents is a challenging task that has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its importance in several document-control based applications and its widespread commercial value. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Mohamed Dhouib , Ghassen Bettaieb , Aymen Shabou

As a fundamental task in natural language processing, Chinese Grammatical Error Correction (CGEC) has gradually received widespread attention and become a research hotspot. However, one obvious deficiency for the existing CGEC evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Nankai Lin , Nankai Lin , Xiaotian Lin , Ziyu Yang , Shengyi Jiang

Precise character segmentation is the only solution towards higher Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracy. In cursive script, overlapped characters are serious issue in the process of character segmentations as characters are deprived…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Amjad Rehman

This paper presents an end-to-end deep convolutional recurrent neural network solution for Khmer optical character recognition (OCR) task. The proposed solution uses a sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) architecture with attention mechanism.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Rina Buoy , Sokchea Kor , Nguonly Taing

Multi-modal generative document parsing systems challenge traditional evaluation: unlike deterministic OCR or layout models, they often produce semantically correct yet structurally divergent outputs. Conventional metrics-CER, WER, IoU, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Renyu Li , Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Yao You , Kamil Pluciński , Maximilian Operlejn , Crag Wolfe

Text recognition in the wild is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Driven by end-to-end deep learning, recent studies suggest vision and language processing are effective for scene text recognition. Yet, solving edit errors such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Wenwen Yu , Mingyu Liu , Biao Yang , Enming Zhang , Deqiang Jiang , Xing Sun , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Optical character recognition (OCR) and document understanding systems increasingly rely on large vision and vision-language models, yet evaluation remains centered on modern, Western, and institutional documents. This emphasis masks system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Fitsum Sileshi Beyene , Christopher L. Dancy

This paper proposes a combination of a convolutional and a LSTM network to improve the accuracy of OCR on early printed books. While the standard model of line based OCR uses a single LSTM layer, we utilize a CNN- and Pooling-Layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Christoph Wick , Christian Reul , Frank Puppe

The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has accelerated the progress of handwritten character classification/recognition. Handwritten character recognition (HCR) has found applications in various domains, such as traffic signal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 F. A. Mamun , S. A. H. Chowdhury , J. E. Giti , H. Sarker