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As AI capabilities advance, we increasingly rely on powerful models to decompose complex tasks $\unicode{x2013}$ but what if the decomposer itself is malicious? Factored cognition protocols decompose complex tasks into simpler child tasks:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Edward Lue Chee Lip , Anthony Channg , Diana Kim , Aaron Sandoval , Kevin Zhu

Credible safety plans for advanced AI development require methods to verify agent behavior and detect potential control deficiencies early. A fundamental aspect is ensuring agents adhere to safety-critical principles, especially when these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Ram Potham

Emerging Distributed AI systems are revolutionizing big data computing and data processing capabilities with growing economic and societal impact. However, recent studies have identified new attack surfaces and risks caused by security,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Wenqi Wei , Ling Liu

Embodied Artificial Intelligence (Embodied AI) integrates perception, cognition, planning, and interaction into agents that operate in open-world, safety-critical environments. As these systems gain autonomy and enter domains such as…

Organisations are starting to adopt LLM-based AI agents, with their deployments naturally evolving from single agents towards interconnected, multi-agent networks. Yet a collection of safe agents does not guarantee a safe collection of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Alistair Reid , Simon O'Callaghan , Liam Carroll , Tiberio Caetano

We present MultiBreak, a scalable and diverse multi-turn jailbreak benchmark to evaluate large language model (LLM) safety. Multi-turn jailbreaks mimic natural conversational settings, making them easier to bypass safety-aligned LLM than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jialin Song , Xiaodong Liu , Weiwei Yang , Wuyang Chen , Mingqian Feng , Xuekai Zhu , Jianfeng Gao

The increasing complexity and scale of modern digital environments have exposed significant gaps in traditional cybersecurity penetration testing methods, which are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to rapidly adapt to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Ibrahim Alshehri , Adnan Alshehri , Abdulrahman Almalki , Majed Bamardouf , Alaqsa Akbar

As AI systems grow more capable and autonomous, ensuring their safety and reliability requires not only model-level alignment but also strategic oversight of the humans and institutions involved in their development and deployment. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Cheol Woo Kim , Davin Choo , Tzeh Yuan Neoh , Milind Tambe

Large Language Models for Simulating Professions (SP-LLMs), particularly as teachers, are pivotal for personalized education. However, ensuring their professional competence and ethical safety is a critical challenge, as existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yilin Jiang , Mingzi Zhang , Xuanyu Yin , Sheng Jin , Suyu Lu , Zuocan Ying , Zengyi Yu , Xiangjie Kong

Self-monitoring capabilities -- metacognition, self-prediction, and subjective duration -- are often proposed as useful additions to reinforcement learning agents. But do they actually help? We investigate this question in a continuous-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ying Xie

Block traces are widely used for system studies, model verifications, and design analyses in both industry and academia. While such traces include detailed block access patterns, existing trace-driven research unfortunately often fails to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Miryeong Kwon , Jie Zhang , Gyuyoung Park , Wonil Choi , David Donofrio , John Shalf , Mahmut Kandemir , Myoungsoo Jung

Trajectory datasets of road users have become more important in the last years for safety validation of highly automated vehicles. Several naturalistic trajectory datasets with each more than 10.000 tracks were released and others will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Christoph Glasmacher , Robert Krajewski , Lutz Eckstein

The increasing prevalence of adversarial attacks on Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has created a need for innovative security measures. However, the current methods of defending against these attacks often come with a high computing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Duo Zhong , Bojing Li , Xiang Chen , Chenchen Liu

There is a growing trend toward AI systems interacting with humans to revolutionize a range of application domains such as healthcare and transportation. However, unsafe human-machine interaction can lead to catastrophic failures. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shuyang Dong , Meiyi Ma , Josephine Lamp , Sebastian Elbaum , Matthew B. Dwyer , Lu Feng

Ethereum smart contracts hold tens of billions of USD in DeFi and NFTs, yet comprehensive security analysis remains difficult due to unverified code, proxy-based architectures, and the reliance on manual inspection of complex execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Shuzheng Wang , Yue Huang , Zhuoer Xu , Yuming Huang , Jing Tang

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems approach and surpass expert human performance across a broad range of tasks, obtaining high-quality human supervision for evaluation and training becomes increasingly challenging. Our focus is on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ren Yin , Takashi Ishida , Masashi Sugiyama

Tracing the sequence of library and system calls that a program makes is very helpful in the characterization of its interactions with the surrounding environment and ultimately of its semantics. Due to entanglements of real-world software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Daniele Cono D'Elia , Simone Nicchi , Matteo Mariani , Matteo Marini , Federico Palmaro

Safety risks arise as large language model-based agents solve complex tasks with tools, multi-step plans, and inter-agent messages. However, deployer-written policies in natural language are ambiguous and context dependent, so they map…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yiliu Yang , Yilei Jiang , Qunzhong Wang , Yingshui Tan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Sherman S. M. Chow , Bo Zheng , Xiangyu Yue

Multi-agent systems leverage advanced AI models as autonomous agents that interact, cooperate, or compete to complete complex tasks across applications such as robotics and traffic management. Despite their growing importance, safety in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Falong Fan , Xi Li

Machine learning models trained on tabular data are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, even in realistic scenarios where attackers only have access to the model's outputs. Since tabular data contains complex interdependencies among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yael Itzhakev , Amit Giloni , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai