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Online question-and-answer (Q\&A) systems based on the Large Language Model (LLM) have progressively diverged from recreational to professional use. This paper proposed a Multi-Agent framework with environmentally reinforcement learning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Jiapeng Yu , Yuqian Wu , Yajing Zhan , Wenhao Guo , Zhou Xu , Raymond Lee

Large language models (LLMs) often need to incorporate external knowledge to solve theme-specific problems. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown its high promise, empowering LLMs to generate more qualified responses with retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jimeng Shi , Sizhe Zhou , Bowen Jin , Wei Hu , Runchu Tian , Shaowen Wang , Giri Narasimhan , Jiawei Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated strong effectiveness in knowledge-intensive tasks by grounding language generation in external evidence. Despite its success, many existing RAG systems are built based on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Lichang Song , Ting Long , Yi Chang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show great promise for complex document understanding, yet their development is critically hampered by inadequate evaluation. Current benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Wenxuan Shen , Mingjia Wang , Yaochen Wang , Dongping Chen , Junjie Yang , Yao Wan , Weiwei Lin

Recommender systems (RS) are currently being studied to mitigate limitations during cold-start conditions by leveraging modality information or introducing Agent concepts based on the exceptional reasoning capabilities of Large Language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Seung Hwan Cho , Yujin Yang , Danik Baeck , Minjoo Kim , Young-Min Kim , Heejung Lee , Sangjin Park

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, yet traditional single-round retrieval struggles with complex multi-step reasoning. Agentic RAG addresses this by enabling LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Tianle Xia , Ming Xu , Lingxiang Hu , Yiding Sun , Wenwei Li , Linfang Shang , Liqun Liu , Peng Shu , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang

As Vision-Language Models (VLMs) increasingly gain traction in medical applications, clinicians are progressively expecting AI systems not only to generate textual diagnoses but also to produce corresponding medical images that integrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Junjie Yang , Yuhao Yan , Gang Wu , Yuxuan Wang , Ruoyu Liang , Xinjie Jiang , Xiang Wan , Fenglei Fan , Yongquan Zhang , Feiwei Qin , Changmiao Wang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming society, making it crucial to prepare the next generation through AI literacy in K-12 education. However, scalable and reliable AI literacy materials and assessment resources are lacking. To…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jiayi Wang , Ruiwei Xiao , Ying-Jui Tseng

Large language model(LLM)-driven multi-agent systems(MAS) coordinate specialized agents through predefined interaction topologies and have shown promise for complex tasks such as competition-level code generation. Recent studies demonstrate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Siyu Wang , Ruotian Lu , Zhihao Yang , Yuchao Wang , Yanzhou Zhang , Lei Xu , Qimin Xu , Guojun Yin , Cailian Chen , Xinping Guan

We present the COGnitive Neural GENerative system (CogNGen), a cognitive architecture that combines two neurobiologically-plausible, computational models: predictive processing and hyperdimensional/vector-symbolic models. We draw…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Alexander Ororbia , M. Alex Kelly

We present Machine Assistant with Reliable Knowledge (MARK), a retrieval-augmented question-answering system designed to support student learning through accurate and contextually grounded responses. The system is built on a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yongsheng Lian

While AI excels at generating text, audio, images, and videos, creating interactive audio-visual content such as video games remains challenging. Current LLMs can generate JavaScript games and animations, but lack automated evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) from static instruction-followers to autonomous agents necessitates operating within complex, stateful environments to achieve precise state-transition objectives. However, this paradigm is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yucheng Zeng , Weipeng Lu , Linyun Liu , Shupeng Li , Zitian Qu , Chenghao Zhu , Shaofei Li , Zhengdong Tan , Mengyue Liu , Haotian Zhao , Zhe Zhou , Jianmin Wu

Simulated environments play an essential role in embodied AI, functionally analogous to test cases in software engineering. However, existing environment generation methods often emphasize visual realism (e.g., object diversity and layout…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jianan Wang , Siyang Zhang , Bin Li , Juan Chen , Jingtao Qi , Zhuo Zhang , Chen Qian

In software development, the raw requirements proposed by users are frequently incomplete, which impedes the complete implementation of application functionalities. With the emergence of large language models, recent methods with the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Sai Zhang , Zhenchang Xing , Ronghui Guo , Fangzhou Xu , Lei Chen , Zhaoyuan Zhang , Xiaowang Zhang , Zhiyong Feng , Zhiqiang Zhuang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often struggle to handle multi-hop question-answering tasks accurately due to irrelevant context retrieval and limited complex reasoning capabilities. We introduce Collab-RAG, a collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ran Xu , Wenqi Shi , Yuchen Zhuang , Yue Yu , Joyce C. Ho , Haoyu Wang , Carl Yang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge to answer questions more accurately. However, research on evaluating RAG systems-particularly the retriever component-remains limited, as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lorenz Brehme , Thomas Ströhle , Ruth Breu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning boosts large language models' (LLMs) performance on complex tasks but faces two key limitations: a lack of reliability when solely relying on LLM-generated reasoning chains and lower reasoning performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Feiyang Li , Peng Fang , Zhan Shi , Arijit Khan , Fang Wang , Weihao Wang , Xin Zhang , Yongjian Cui

Recent image generation models have shown strong capabilities in generating high-fidelity and photorealistic images. However, they are fundamentally constrained by frozen internal knowledge, thus often failing on real-world scenarios that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kaituo Feng , Manyuan Zhang , Shuang Chen , Yunlong Lin , Kaixuan Fan , Yilei Jiang , Hongyu Li , Dian Zheng , Chenyang Wang , Xiangyu Yue

A central question for cognitive science is to understand how humans process visual objects, i.e, to uncover human low-dimensional concept representation space from high-dimensional visual stimuli. Generating visual stimuli with controlling…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-15 Chen Wei , Jiachen Zou , Dietmar Heinke , Quanying Liu