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Digital twins have become popular for their ability to monitor and optimize a process or a machine, ideally through its complete life cycle using simulations and sensor data. In this paper, we focus on the challenge of accurate and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-30 Karim Cherifi , Philipp Schulze , Volker Mehrmann , Leo Goßlau , Pascal Lünnemann

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the design of experiments used in the surrogate models. In particular, this study demonstrates the necessity of the design of experiment schemes for the Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-15 Sourav Das , Solomon Tesfamariam

A scalable problem to benchmark robust multidisciplinary design optimization algorithms (RMDO) is proposed. This allows the user to choose the number of disciplines, the dimensions of the coupling and design variables and the extent of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-03 A Aziz-Alaoui , O Roustant , M de Lozzo

We consider robust optimal experimental design (ROED) for nonlinear Bayesian inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). An optimal design is one that maximizes some utility quantifying the quality of the solution of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Abhijit Chowdhary , Ahmed Attia , Alen Alexanderian

We present a goal-oriented framework for constructing digital twins with the following properties: (1) they employ discretizations of high-fidelity PDE models governed by autonomous dynamical systems, leading to large-scale forward…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Stefan Henneking , Sreeram Venkat , Omar Ghattas

Dynamic multi-objective optimization (DMOO) has recently attracted increasing interest from both academic researchers and engineering practitioners, as numerous real-world applications that evolve over time can be naturally formulated as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Chang Shao , Qi Zhao , Nana Pu , Shi Cheng , Jing Jiang , Yuhui Shi

Sequential Bayesian optimal experimental design (SBOED) for PDE-governed inverse problems is computationally challenging, especially for infinite-dimensional random field parameters. High-fidelity approaches require repeated forward and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Kaichen Shen , Peng Chen

As revealed by the scaling law of fine-grained MoE, model performance ceases to be improved once the granularity of the intermediate dimension exceeds the optimal threshold, limiting further gains from single-dimension fine-grained design.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ning Liao , Xiaoxing Wang , Xiaohan Qin , Junchi Yan

The ability to design effective experiments is crucial for obtaining data that can substantially reduce the uncertainty in the predictions made using computational models. An optimal experimental design (OED) refers to the choice of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-17 Troy Butler , John Jakeman , Michael Pilosov , Scott Walsh , Timothy Wildey

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to prompts, but most automatic prompt optimization (APO) methods assume access to ground-truth references (e.g., labeled validation data) that are costly to obtain. We propose the Prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuanchen Wu , Saurabh Verma , Justin Lee , Fangzhou Xiong , Poppy Zhang , Amel Awadelkarim , Xu Chen , Yubai Yuan , Shawndra Hill

Experiments in engineering are typically conducted in controlled environments where parameters can be set to any desired value. This assumes that the same applies in a real-world setting -- an assumption that is often incorrect as many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mike Diessner , Kevin J. Wilson , Richard D. Whalley

Experimentation in online digital platforms is used to inform decision making. Specifically, the goal of many experiments is to optimize a metric of interest. Null hypothesis statistical testing can be ill-suited to this task, as it is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-10 Timothy Sudijono , Simon Ejdemyr , Apoorva Lal , Martin Tingley

Micro-randomized trials (MRTs) are increasingly used to evaluate mobile health interventions with binary proximal outcomes. Standard inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimators are unbiased but unstable in small samples or under extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-10 Jinho Cha , Eunchan Cha

The definition of Good Experimental Methodologies (GEMs) in robotics is a topic of widespread interest due also to the increasing employment of robots in everyday civilian life. The present work contributes to the ongoing discussion on GEMs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Eleonora Saggini , Eva Riccomagno , Massimo Caccia , Henry P. Wynn

Bayesian optimal design is considered for experiments where the response distribution depends on the solution to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The motivation is an experiment to estimate parameters in the equations…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-02 Antony Overstall , David Woods , Ben Parker

The impressive performance exhibited by modern machine learning models hinges on the ability to train such models on a very large amounts of labeled data. However, since access to large volumes of labeled data is often limited or expensive,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Neta Shoham , Haim Avron

Complex design problems are common in the scientific and industrial fields. In practice, objective functions or constraints of these problems often do not have explicit formulas, and can be estimated only at a set of sampling points through…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-12 Lulu Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Yaoyu Zhang

This paper contributes to the study of optimal experimental design for Bayesian inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). We derive estimates for the parametric regularity of multivariate double integration…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Vesa Kaarnioja , Claudia Schillings

We present AutoOED, an Optimal Experiment Design platform powered with automated machine learning to accelerate the discovery of optimal solutions. The platform solves multi-objective optimization problems in time- and data-efficient manner…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Yunsheng Tian , Mina Konaković Luković , Timothy Erps , Michael Foshey , Wojciech Matusik

Purpose: Simulation-based digital twins represent an effort to provide high-accuracy real-time insights into operational physical processes. However, the computation time of many multi-physical simulation models is far from real-time. It…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Maximilian Kannapinn , Michael Schäfer , Oliver Weeger