Related papers: Space-Efficient Quantum Algorithm for Elliptic Cur…
The elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem is considered a secure cryptographic primitive. The purpose of this paper is to propose a paradigm shift in attacking the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. In this paper, we will argue…
The quantum Schur transform maps the computational basis of a system of $n$ qudits onto a \textit{Schur basis}, which spans the minimal invariant subspaces of the representations of the unitary and the symmetric groups acting on the state…
We significantly reduce the cost of factoring integers and computing discrete logarithms in finite fields on a quantum computer by combining techniques from Shor 1994, Griffiths-Niu 1996, Zalka 2006, Fowler 2012, Eker{\aa}-H{\aa}stad 2017,…
In this paper we discuss the problem of performing elementary finite field arithmetic on a quantum computer. Of particular interest, is the controlled-multiplication operation, which is the only group-specific operation in Shor's algorithms…
RSA(Rivest, Shamir and Adleman)is being used as a public key exchange and key agreement tool for many years. Due to large numbers involved in RSA, there is need for more efficient methods in implementation for public key cryptosystems.…
We consider how to optimize memory use and computation time in operating a quantum computer. In particular, we estimate the number of memory qubits and the number of operations required to perform factorization, using the algorithm…
This experiment breaks a 5-bit elliptic curve cryptographic key using a Shor-style quantum attack. Executed on IBM's 133-qubit ibm_torino with Qiskit Runtime 2.0, a 15-qubit circuit, comprised of 10 logical qubits and 5 ancilla, interferes…
Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computation, but requires extremely large overheads in both space and time. High-rate quantum low-density-parity-check (qLDPC) codes promise a route to reduce qubit…
The quantum multicomputer consists of a large number of small nodes and a qubus interconnect for creating entangled state between the nodes. The primary metric chosen is the performance of such a system on Shor's algorithm for factoring…
We heuristically show that Shor's algorithm for computing general discrete logarithms achieves an expected success probability of approximately 60% to 82% in a single run when modified to enable efficient implementation with the…
We optimize the area and latency of Shor's factoring while simultaneously improving fault tolerance through: (1) balancing the use of ancilla generators, (2) aggressive optimization of error correction, and (3) tuning the core adder…
The quantum algorithm with polynomial time for discrete logarithm problem proposed by Shor is one of the most significant quantum algorithms, but a large number of qubits may be required in the Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) era.…
This paper presents a novel algorithm for the modulus operation for FPGA implementation. The proposed algorithm use only addition, subtraction, logical, and bit shift operations, avoiding the complexities and hardware costs associated with…
The Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP) for elliptic curves has been extensively studied since, for instance, it is the core of the security of cryptosystems like Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). In this paper, we present an attack to the…
An alternative quantum algorithm for the discrete logarithm problem is presented. The algorithm uses two quantum registers and two Fourier transforms whereas Shor's algorithm requires three registers and four Fourier transforms. A crucial…
Quantum superposition and entanglement of physical states can be harnessed to solve some problems which are intractable on a classical computer implementing binary logic. Several algorithms have been proposed to utilize the quantum nature…
We provide two improvements to Regev's recent quantum factoring algorithm (Journal of the ACM 2025), addressing its space efficiency and its noise-tolerance. Our first contribution is to improve the quantum space efficiency of Regev's…
Specific quantum algorithms exist to-in theory-break elliptic curve cryptographic protocols. Implementing these algorithms requires designing quantum circuits that perform elliptic curve arithmetic. To accurately judge a cryptographic…
Elliptic curves over finite fields GF(2^n) play a prominent role in modern cryptography. Published quantum algorithms dealing with such curves build on a short Weierstrass form in combination with affine or projective coordinates. In this…
Typical circuit implementations of Shor's algorithm involve controlled rotation gates of magnitude $\pi/2^{2L}$ where $L$ is the binary length of the integer N to be factored. Such gates cannot be implemented exactly using existing…