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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging quantum computational power. We propose a simple approach, the Two-Step QAOA, which aims to improve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Yuichiro Minato

In order to boost the performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to solve problems in combinatorial optimization, researchers have leveraged the solutions returned from classical algorithms in order to create a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-02 Reuben Tate , Stephan Eidenbenz

The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm used to approximately solve combinatorial optimisation problems. It involves multiple iterations of a parameterised ansatz comprising a problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 V. Vijendran , Aritra Das , Dax Enshan Koh , Syed M. Assad , Ping Koy Lam

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is expected to offer advantages over classical approaches when solving combinatorial optimization problems in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. In its standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Arkadiusz Wołk , Karol Capała , Katarzyna Rycerz

This paper proposes a novel combination of constraint encoding methods for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Ansatz (QAOA). Real-world optimization problems typically consist of multiple types of constraints. To solve these optimization…

This paper presents a numerical simulation investigation of the Warm-Start Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) as proposed by Tate et al. [1], focusing on its application to 3-regular Max-Cut problems. Our study demonstrates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-16 Sean Feeney , Reuben Tate , Stephan Eidenbenz

Demonstrating quantum heuristics that outperform strong classical solvers on large-scale optimization remains an open challenge. Here we introduce Regularized Warm-Started QAOA (RWS-QAOA), which initializes qubits by minimizing expected…

Combinatorial optimization is a promising area for achieving quantum speedup. Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is designed to search for low-energy states of the Ising model, which correspond to near-optimal solutions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Tatsuhiko Shirai , Nozomu Togawa

We explore the application of variational quantum algorithms to the NP-hard set balancing problem, a critical challenge in clinical trial design and experimental scheduling. The problem is mapped to an Ising model, with tailored Quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Nikhil Kowshik , Sayan Manna , Sudebkumar Prasant Pal

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading iterative variational quantum algorithm for heuristically solving combinatorial optimization problems. A large portion of the computational effort in QAOA is spent by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Ohad Amosy , Tamuz Danzig , Ely Porat , Gal Chechik , Adi Makmal

In this letter, we provide analytical and numerical evidence that the single-layer Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) on universal Ising spin models produces thermal-like states. We find that these pseudo-Boltzmann states can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-06 Pablo Díez-Valle , Diego Porras , Juan José García-Ripoll

Designing noisy-resilience quantum algorithms is indispensable for practical applications on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum~(NISQ) devices. Here we propose a quantum approximate optimization algorithm~(QAOA) with a very shallow circuit,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-27 Fang-Gang Duan , Dan-Bo Zhang

The XY-mixer has widespread utilization in modern quantum computing, including in variational quantum algorithms, such as Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA). The XY ansatz is particularly useful for solving Cardinality Constrained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Steven Kordonowy , Hannes Leipold

We introduce the Constraint-Enhanced Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (CE-QAOA), a shallow, constraint-aware ansatz that operates inside the one-hot product space [n]^m, where m is the number of blocks and each block is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chinonso Onah , Roman Firt , Kristel Michielsen

Optimizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) is a high-dimensional combinatorial challenge. Current quantum algorithms often simplify this problem by ignoring physical constraints like mutual coupling, which significantly degrades…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Marco Pasquale , Erik M. Åsgrim , Stefano Markidis , Oscar Quevedo-Teruel

We generalize Farhi et al.'s 0.6924-approximation result technique of the Max-Cut Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) on 3-regular graphs to obtain provable lower bounds on the approximation ratio for warm-started QAOA. Given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-04 Reuben Tate , Stephan Eidenbenz

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the canonical algorithms designed to find approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems in current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. It is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Ping Zou

Quantum algorithms can be used to perform unsupervised machine learning tasks like data clustering by mapping the distance between data points to a graph optimization problem (i.e. MAXCUT) and finding optimal solution through energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Daniel Beaulieu , Anh Pham

Constructing an optimal mixer for Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) Hamiltonian is crucial for enhancing the performance of QAOA in solving combinatorial optimization problems. We present a systematic methodology for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Boris Tsvelikhovskiy , Ilya Safro , Yuri Alexeev

In the present Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ), hybrid algorithms that leverage classical resources to reduce quantum costs are particularly appealing. We formulate and apply such a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to a power…