Related papers: Fluid Acceleration in Heavy-Ion Collisions
It has recently been shown that extremely strong electric fields can be created in central collisions of heavy ions, due to which the Schwinger effect can be significant. A direct analogue of the electric field in hydrodynamics is the…
Hydrodynamic expansion of the hot fireball created in relativistic Au-Au collisions at 200GeV in 3+1-dimensions is studied. We obtain a simultaneous, satisfactory description of the transverse momentum spectra, elliptic flow and pion…
We discuss the early evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions within a multi-fluid dynamical model. In particular, we show that due to the finite mean-free path of the particles compression shock waves are smeared out…
Using a relativistic transport (ART) model, we study the stopping power, the formation of superdense hadronic matter as well as the strength of transverse and radial flow in central Au+Au collisions at beam momentum from 2 to 12 GeV/c per…
In this paper we discuss the fluidity of the hot and dense QCD matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions in comparison with various other fluids, and in particular suggest its possible supercriticality. After examining the…
Non-ideal fluid dynamics with cylindrical symmetry in transverse direction and longitudinal scaling flow is employed to simulate the space-time evolution of the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies. The…
The expansion of the fireball created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is described using the 3+1D hydrodynamical model. Experimentally observed transverse momentum spectra at different rapdities, elliptic flow and HBT correlations of…
We study the kinematic and thermal vorticities in low-energy heavy-ion collisions by using the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model. We explore their time evolution and spatial distribution. We find that the initial…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions have reached energies that enable the creation of a novel state of matter termed the quark-gluon plasma. Many observables point to a picture of the medium as rapidly equilibrating and expanding as a nearly…
Using next-to-leading order perturbative QCD and a conjecture of saturation to suppress the production of low-energy partons, we calculate the initial energy densities and formation times for the dissipative fluid dynamical evolution of the…
Today's accelerator facilities used for studies of relativistic heavy-ion collisions cover an energy range spanning over three orders of magnitude, from a few GeV up to a few TeV in center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$).…
The extreme temperatures and energy densities generated by ultra-relativistic collisions between heavy nuclei produce a state of matter with surprising fluid properties. Non-central collisions have angular momentum on the order of…
The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…
The measured transverse momentum spectra and HBT correlations of bulk (i.e. low $p_T$) matter can be well explained by assuming that the soft sector of particles produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is (approximately)…
Complete characterization of particle production and emission in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is in general not feasible experimentally. This work demonstrates, however, that the availability of essentially complete pseudorapidity…
Longitudinal ion acceleration from high-intensity (I ~ 10^20 Wcm^-2) laser interactions with helium gas jet targets (n_e ~ 0.04 n_c) have been observed. The ion beam has a maximum energy for He^2+ of approximately 40 MeV and was directional…
The fluidity of the hot and dense QCD matter is a key characteristic of the medium created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We extend the framework of the relativistic hydrodynamic model to incorporate non-thermal momentum distributions…
We compute the rapidity dependence of particle and transverse energy production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at various beam energies and atomic numbers using the perturbative QCD + saturation model. The distribution is a broad…
Relativistic hydrodynamics has been extensively applied to high energy heavy-ion collisions. We review hydrodynamic calculations for Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies and provide a comprehensive comparison between the model and experimental…
Flow observables in heavy-ion reactions at incident energies up to about 1 GeV per nucleon have been shown to be very useful for investigating the reaction dynamics and for determining the parameters of reaction models based on transport…