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The computational cost of training multimodal large language models (MLLMs) grows rapidly with the number of processed tokens. Existing efficiency methods mainly target inference via token reduction or merging, offering limited benefits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chaoyu Li , Yogesh Kulkarni , Pooyan Fazli

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have revolutionized video understanding, yet are still limited by context length when processing long videos. Recent methods compress videos by leveraging visual redundancy uniformly, yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiao Wang , Qingyi Si , Jianlong Wu , Shiyu Zhu , Li Cao , Liqiang Nie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong instruction-following capability to interpret and execute tasks as directed by human commands. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have inferior instruction-following ability compared to LLMs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Te Yang , Jian Jia , Xiangyu Zhu , Weisong Zhao , Bo Wang , Yanhua Cheng , Yan Li , Shengyuan Liu , Quan Chen , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai , Zhen Lei

The fundamental challenge in scaling Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) to long-form video lies in managing the explosion of visual-token context length. Existing strategies predominantly focus on "post-hoc" token reduction --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jihwan Kim , Nikhil Parthasarathy , Danfeng Qin , Junhwa Hur , Deqing Sun , Bohyung Han , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Boqing Gong

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

We propose a novel LLM-based framework for reasoning in discrete, game-theoretic tasks, illustrated with \emph{Tic-Tac-Toe}. The method integrates in-context learning with entropy-guided chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning and adaptive context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tommaso Felice Banfi , Sashenka Gamage

Video understanding models often struggle with high computational requirements, extensive parameter counts, and slow inference speed, making them inefficient for practical use. To tackle these challenges, we propose Mobile-VideoGPT, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Abdelrahman Shaker , Muhammad Maaz , Chenhui Gou , Hamid Rezatofighi , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown significant visual reasoning capabilities by connecting a visual encoder and a large language model. LMMs typically take in a fixed and large amount of visual tokens, such as the penultimate layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuzhang Shang , Mu Cai , Bingxin Xu , Yong Jae Lee , Yan Yan

Typical video modeling methods, such as LLava, represent videos as sequences of visual tokens, which are then processed by the LLM backbone for effective video understanding. However, this approach leads to a massive number of visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Hongzhi Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Xingguang Ji , Qi Wang , Fuzheng Zhang

Current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with hour-level video understanding, facing significant challenges not only in modeling the substantial information volume of long videos but also in overcoming the memory wall and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hong Gao , Yiming Bao , Xuezhen Tu , Bin Zhong , Linan Yue , Minling Zhang

Vision Language Models (VLMs) struggle with long-form videos due to the quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms. We propose Language-Guided Temporal Token Pruning (LGTTP), which leverages temporal cues from queries to adaptively prune…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yogesh Kumar

The ability to understand long videos is vital for embodied intelligent agents, because their effectiveness depends on how well they can accumulate, organize, and leverage long-horizon perceptual memories. Recently, multimodal LLMs have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Tatiana Zemskova , Solomon Andryushenko , Ilya Obrubov , Viktoriia Khoruzhaia , Ekaterina Eroshenko , Ekaterina Derevyanka , Dmitry Yudin

Video large language models (Video-LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in video understanding tasks. However, their practical deployment is still hindered by the inefficiency introduced by processing massive amounts of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hesong Wang , Xin Jin , Lu Lu , Chenhaowen Li , Jian Chen , Qiang Liu , Huan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often experience performance degradation during long-running interactions due to increasing context length, memory saturation, and computational overhead. This paper presents an adaptive context compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Payal Fofadiya , Sunil Tiwari

Long-form video understanding remains challenging for Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs), as the dense frame sampling introduces massive visual tokens while sparse sampling risks missing critical temporal evidence and leading to LLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiameng Li , Minye Wu , Jiezhang Cao , Aleksei Tiulpin , Matthew B. Blaschko

Despite advanced token compression techniques, existing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) still struggle with hour-long video understanding. In this work, we propose Video-XL-Pro, an efficient method for extremely long video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xiangrui Liu , Yan Shu , Zheng Liu , Ao Li , Yang Tian , Bo Zhao

Long video understanding is still challenging for recent Large Video-Language Models (LVLMs) due to the conflict between long-form temporal understanding and detailed spatial perception. LVLMs with a uniform frame sampling mechanism, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shenghao Fu , Qize Yang , Yuan-Ming Li , Xihan Wei , Xiaohua Xie , Wei-Shi Zheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) suffer from high computational costs due to excessive visual tokens, particularly in high-resolution and video-based scenarios. Existing token reduction methods typically focus on isolated pipeline…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hanxun Yu , Wentong Li , Xuan Qu , Song Wang , Junbo Chen , Jianke Zhu

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) have achieved remarkable results in video understanding tasks. However, they often suffer from heavy computational overhead due to the large number of visual tokens generated from multiple video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Fengyuan Sun , Leqi Shen , Hui Chen , Sicheng Zhao , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

In large language models (LLMs), each block operates on the residual stream to map input token sequences to output token distributions. However, most of the interpretability literature focuses on internal latent representations, leaving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Riccardo Ali , Francesco Caso , Christopher Irwin , Pietro Liò