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The proliferation of latency-critical and compute-intensive edge applications is driving increases in computing demand and carbon emissions at the edge. To better understand carbon emissions at the edge, we analyze granular carbon intensity…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Li Wu , Walid A. Hanafy , Abel Souza , Khai Nguyen , Jan Harkes , David Irwin , Mahadev Satyanarayanan , Prashant Shenoy

To improve the environmental implications of the growing demand of computing, future applications need to improve the carbon-efficiency of computing infrastructures. State-of-the-art approaches, however, do not consider the intermittent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Young Geun Kim , Udit Gupta , Andrew McCrabb , Yonglak Son , Valeria Bertacco , David Brooks , Carole-Jean Wu

This paper presents a solution to address carbon emission mitigation for end-to-end edge computing systems, including the computing at battery-powered edge devices and servers, as well as the communications between them. We design and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Hongyu Ke , Wanxin Jin , Haoxin Wang

Training large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models demands significant computational power and energy, leading to increased carbon footprint with potential environmental repercussions. This paper delves into the challenges of training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Shaolei Ren , Jie Xu

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have driven increasing intelligent applications at the network edge, such as smart home, smart factory, and smart city. To deploy computationally intensive Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Liekang Zeng , Xu Chen , Zhi Zhou , Lei Yang , Junshan Zhang

Today, deep learning optimization is primarily driven by research focused on achieving high inference accuracy and reducing latency. However, the energy efficiency aspect is often overlooked, possibly due to a lack of sustainability mindset…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xiaolong Tu , Anik Mallik , Dawei Chen , Kyungtae Han , Onur Altintas , Haoxin Wang , Jiang Xie

Accurate reporting of energy and carbon usage is essential for understanding the potential climate impacts of machine learning research. We introduce a framework that makes this easier by providing a simple interface for tracking realtime…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Peter Henderson , Jieru Hu , Joshua Romoff , Emma Brunskill , Dan Jurafsky , Joelle Pineau

Provisioning dynamic machine learning (ML) inference as a service for artificial intelligence (AI) applications of edge devices faces many challenges, including the trade-off among accuracy loss, carbon emission, and unknown future costs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Huirong Ma , Zhi Zhou , Xiaoxi Zhang , Xu Chen

The increasing demand for Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing poses significant environmental challenges, with both operational and embodied carbon emissions becoming major contributors. This paper presents a carbon-aware holistic…

The rising energy footprint of artificial intelligence has become a measurable component of US data center emissions, yet cybersecurity research seldom considers its environmental cost. This study introduces an eco aware anomaly detection…

Machine learning solutions are rapidly adopted to enable a variety of key use cases, from conversational AI assistants to scientific discovery. This growing adoption is expected to increase the associated lifecycle carbon footprint,…

The size and complexity of deep neural networks continue to grow exponentially, significantly increasing energy consumption for training and inference by these models. We introduce an open-source package eco2AI to help data scientists and…

The latest trends in the adoption of cloud, edge, and distributed computing, as well as a rise in applying AI/ML workloads, have created a need to measure, monitor, and reduce the carbon emissions of these compute-intensive workloads and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jacob Goldverg , Hasibul Jamil , Elvis Rodriguez , Tevfik Kosar

DNN inference, known for its significant energy consumption and the resulting high carbon footprint, can be made more sustainable by adapting model size and accuracy to the varying carbon intensity throughout the day. Our heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Jiwan Jung

The pervasiveness of "Internet-of-Things" in our daily life has led to a recent surge in fog computing, encompassing a collaboration of cloud computing and edge intelligence. To that effect, deep learning has been a major driving force…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Yinghan Long , Indranil Chakraborty , Kaushik Roy

Classical and centralized Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods require moving data from producers (sensors, machines) to energy hungry data centers, raising environmental concerns due to computational and communication resource demands,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Stefano Savazzi , Vittorio Rampa , Sanaz Kianoush , Mehdi Bennis

The rapid increase in LLM ubiquity and scale levies unprecedented demands on computing infrastructure. These demands not only incur large compute and memory resources but also significant energy, yielding large operational and embodied…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yueying Li , Zhanqiu Hu , Esha Choukse , Rodrigo Fonseca , G. Edward Suh , Udit Gupta

Edge computing enables data processing closer to the source, significantly reducing latency, an essential requirement for real-time vision-based analytics such as object detection in surveillance and smart city environments. However, these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Daghash K. Alqahtani , Maria A. Rodriguez , Muhammad Aamir Cheema , Hamid Rezatofighi , Adel N. Toosi

In a world increasingly dominated by AI applications, an understudied aspect is the carbon and social footprint of these power-hungry algorithms that require copious computation and a trove of data for training and prediction. While…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Abhishek Gupta , Camylle Lanteigne , Sara Kingsley

In recent years, large-scale auto-regressive models have made significant progress in various tasks, such as text or video generation. However, the environmental impact of these models has been largely overlooked, with a lack of assessment…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Zhaojian Yu , Yinghao Wu , Zhuotao Deng , Yansong Tang , Xiao-Ping Zhang
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