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Child Sexual Abuse Imagery (CSAI) classification is an important yet challenging problem for computer vision research due to the strict legal and ethical restrictions that prevent the public sharing of CSAI datasets. This limitation hinders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Carlos Caetano , Camila Laranjeira , Clara Ernesto , Artur Barros , João Macedo , Leo S. F. Ribeiro , Jefersson A. dos Santos , Sandra Avila

The distribution of child sexual abuse imagery (CSAI) is an ever-growing concern of our modern world; children who suffered from this heinous crime are revictimized, and the growing amount of illegal imagery distributed overwhelms law…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Thamiris Coelho , Leo S. F. Ribeiro , João Macedo , Jefersson A. dos Santos , Sandra Avila

The online sharing and viewing of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) are growing fast, such that human experts can no longer handle the manual inspection. However, the automatic classification of CSAM is a challenging field of research,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Camila Laranjeira , João Macedo , Sandra Avila , Jefersson A. dos Santos

Child Sexual Abuse Media (CSAM) is any visual record of a sexually-explicit activity involving minors. CSAM impacts victims differently from the actual abuse because the distribution never ends, and images are permanent. Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Mayana Pereira , Rahul Dodhia , Hyrum Anderson , Richard Brown

In the ever-evolving field of Artificial Intelligence, a critical challenge has been to decipher the decision-making processes within the so-called "black boxes" in deep learning. Over recent years, a plethora of methods have emerged,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Karam Dawoud , Wojciech Samek , Peter Eisert , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Sebastian Bosse

The precise age estimation of child sexual abuse and exploitation (CSAE) victims is one of the most significant digital forensic challenges. Investigators often need to determine the age of victims by looking at images and interpreting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Thomas Grubl , Harjinder Singh Lallie

The dynamic movement of the human body presents a fundamental challenge for human pose estimation and body segmentation. State-of-the-art approaches primarily rely on combining keypoint heatmaps with segmentation masks but often struggle in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Niaz Ahmad , Jawad Khan , Kang G. Shin , Youngmoon Lee , Guanghui Wang

Hand-Object Interaction (HOI) is gaining significant attention, particularly with the creation of numerous egocentric datasets driven by AR/VR applications. However, third-person view HOI has received less attention, especially in terms of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Arya Farkhondeh , Samy Tafasca , Jean-Marc Odobez

Crime in the 21st century is split into a virtual and real world. However, the former has become a global menace to people's well-being and security in the latter. The challenges it presents must be faced with unified global cooperation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Pedro H. V. Valois , João Macedo , Leo S. F. Ribeiro , Jefersson A. dos Santos , Sandra Avila

When it comes to classifying child sexual abuse images, managing similar inter-class correlations and diverse intra-class correlations poses a significant challenge. Vision transformer models, unlike conventional deep convolutional network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Hanxian He , Campbell Wilson , Thanh Thi Nguyen , Janis Dalins

Human keypoint detection from a single image is very challenging due to occlusion, blur, illumination and scale variance. In this paper, we address this problem from three aspects by devising an efficient network structure, proposing three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jing Zhang , Zhe Chen , Dacheng Tao

Sexual harassment, sexual abuse, and sexual violence are prevalent problems in this day and age. Women's safety is an important issue that needs to be highlighted and addressed. Given this issue, we have studied each of these concerns and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Shreya Shetye , Anwita Maiti , Tannistha Maiti , Tarry Singh

Human pose estimation is an important topic in computer vision with many applications including gesture and activity recognition. However, pose estimation from image is challenging due to appearance variations, occlusions, clutter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Lipeng Ke , Ming-Ching Chang , Honggang Qi , Siwei Lyu

Platforms and the law regulate digital content depicting minors (defined as individuals under 18 years of age) differently from other types of content. Given the sheer amount of content that needs to be assessed, machine learning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Klim Kireev , Ana-Maria Creţu , Raphael Meier , Sarah Adel Bargal , Elissa Redmiles , Carmela Troncoso

In the era of social media and big data, the use of visual evidence to document conflict and human rights abuse has become an important element for human rights organizations and advocates. In this paper, we address the task of detecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Grigorios Kalliatakis , Shoaib Ehsan , Maria Fasli , Klaus D. McDonald-Maier

We study the performance of state-of-the-art human keypoint detectors in the context of close proximity human-robot interaction. The detection in this scenario is specific in that only a subset of body parts such as hands and torso are in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Jan Docekal , Jakub Rozlivek , Jiri Matas , Matej Hoffmann

In keypoint estimation tasks such as human pose estimation, heatmap-based regression is the dominant approach despite possessing notable drawbacks: heatmaps intrinsically suffer from quantization error and require excessive computation to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 William McNally , Kanav Vats , Alexander Wong , John McPhee

This article proposes a novel Children-Computer Interaction (CCI) approach for the task of age group detection. This approach focuses on the automatic analysis of the time series generated from the interaction of the children with mobile…

While many action recognition techniques have great success on public benchmarks, such performance is not necessarily replicated in real-world scenarios, where the data comes from specific application requirements. The specific real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Saif Sayed , Vassilis Athitsos

We present a novel LLM-based pipeline for creating contextual descriptions of human body poses in images using only auxiliary attributes. This approach facilitates the creation of the MPII Pose Descriptions dataset, which includes natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Federico Tombari , Luc Van Gool , Didier Stricker , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal
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