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Adaptive Random Testing (ART) has faced criticism, particularly for its computational inefficiency, as highlighted by Arcuri and Briand. Their analysis clarified how ART requires a quadratic number of distance computations as the number of…
Purpose: The credibility of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models for medical imaging continues to be a challenge, affected by the diversity of models, the data used to train the models, and applicability of their combination to produce…
Image quality assessment (IQA) focuses on the perceptual visual quality of images, playing a crucial role in downstream tasks such as image reconstruction, compression, and generation. The rapid advancement of multi-modal large language…
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is often used for label-free single cell analysis with its high-contrast images of optical phase delay (OPD) map. Contrary to other imaging methods, sensitivity improvement has not been intensively explored…
This article reviews the evolving field of radiobiology, emphasizing the need for advanced multiscale, mechanistic models to optimize radiopharmaceutical therapies (RPT). While the traditional linear-quadratic (LQ) model underpins external…
This study introduces and evaluates the Quantile Regressor Tree (QRT), a novel methodology merging the robust characteristics of quantile regression with the versatility of decision trees. The quantile regressor tree introduces…
Quantile regression has demonstrated promising utility in longitudinal data analysis. Existing work is primarily focused on modeling cross-sectional outcomes, while outcome trajectories often carry more substantive information in practice.…
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) are the current gold standards to empirically measure the effect of a new drug. However, they may be of limited size and resorting to complementary non-randomized data, referred to as observational, is…
Mammography screening for early detection of breast lesions currently suffers from high amounts of false positive findings, which result in unnecessary invasive biopsies. Diffusion-weighted MR images (DWI) can help to reduce many of these…
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can perform non-invasive high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging and has been widely used in biomedical fields, while it is inevitably affected by coherence speckle noise which degrades OCT imaging…
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) utilizes MRI signal phase to estimate local tissue susceptibility, which has been shown useful to provide novel image contrast and as biomarkers of abnormal tissue. QSM requires addressing a…
Reconstructing MRI from highly undersampled measurements is crucial for accelerating medical imaging, but is challenging due to the ill-posedness of the inverse problem. While supervised deep learning (DL) approaches have shown remarkable…
Covariate-adaptive randomization is widely used in clinical trials to balance prognostic factors, and regression adjustments are often adopted to further enhance the estimation and inference efficiency. In practice, the covariates may…
Nonparametric regression models offer a way to understand and quantify relationships between variables without having to identify an appropriate family of possible regression functions. Although many estimation methods for these models have…
Purpose: Many useful image quality metrics for evaluating linear image reconstruction techniques do not apply to or are difficult to interpret for non-linear image reconstruction. The vast majority of metrics employed for evaluating…
To address the challenge posed by noise in real quantum devices, quantum error mitigation techniques play a crucial role. These techniques are resource-efficient, making them suitable for implementation in noisy intermediate-scale quantum…
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is a crucial but challenging task in many high-dimensional regression or learning problems to increase the confidence of a given predictor. We develop a new data-driven approach for UQ in regression that…
TodevelopanovelUncertaintyQuantification (UQ) framework to estimate the uncertainty of patient survival models in the absence of ground truth, we developed and evaluated our approach based on a dataset of 1383 patients treated with…
When treatment effects are naturally expressed as ratios -- as in medicine, pricing, and marketing -- the ratio-based CATE $\tau(x) = E[Y|W=1,X=x] / E[Y|W=0,X=x]$ is the appropriate estimand. Yet existing estimators either impose a…
Scientific imaging problems are often severely ill-posed, and hence have significant intrinsic uncertainty. Accurately quantifying the uncertainty in the solutions to such problems is therefore critical for the rigorous interpretation of…