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Neutron scattering measurements on the one-dimensional gapped S=1 antiferromagnet, CsNiCl3, have shown that the excitation corresponding to the Haldane mass gap Delta at low temperatures persists as a resonant feature to high temperatures.…
We perform a molecular dynamical study of the isolated $d=1$ classical Hamiltonian ${\cal H} = {1/2} \sum_{i=1}^N L_i^2 + \sum_{i \ne j} \frac{1-cos(\theta_i-\theta_j)}{r_{ij}^\alpha} ;(\alpha \ge 0)$, known to exhibit a second order phase…
Recent numerical simulations of a disordered system (Preprint arXiv:condmat/0307554) have shown the existence of two different relaxational processes (called stimulated and spontaneous) characterizing the relaxation observed in structural…
We present a new empirical calibration of equilibrium tidal theory for extrasolar planet systems, extending a prior study by incorporating detailed physical models for the internal structure of planets and host stars. The resulting strength…
The 2nd law of thermodynamics yields an irreversible increase in entropy until thermal equilibrium is achieved. This irreversible increase is often assumed to require large and complex systems to emerge from the reversible microscopic laws…
Motivated by the notion that the mathematics of gravity can be reproduced from a statistical requirement of maximal entropy, we study the consequence of introducing an entropic source term in the Einstein-Hilbert action. For a spatially…
Evolutionary dynamics in an uncorrelated rugged fitness landscape is studied in the framework of Eigen's molecular quasispecies model. We consider the case of strong selection, which is analogous to the zero temperature limit in the…
Conventional definitions of habitability require abundant liquid surface water to exist continuously over geologic timescales. Water in each of its thermodynamic phases interacts with solar and thermal radiation and is the cause for strong…
The perturbative calculation of the lifetime of fermion excitations in a QED plasma at high temperature is plagued with infrared divergences which are not eliminated by the screening corrections. The physical processes responsible for these…
Heartbeat stars (HBSs) are ideal astrophysical laboratories to study the formation and evolution of binary stars in eccentric orbits and the internal structural changes of their components under strong tidal action. We discover 23 new HBSs…
The half-life of the $\alpha$ decaying nucleus $^{221}$Fr was determined in different environments, i.e. embedded in Si at 4 K, and embedded in Au at 4 K and about 20 mK. No differences in half-life for these different conditions were…
The evolutionary biology of aging is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms of aging and how to develop anti-aging treatments. Thus far most evolutionary theory concerns the genetics of aging with limited physiological integration.…
The non-equilibrium self-consistent generalized Langevin equation theory of irreversible processes in liquids is extended to describe the positional and orientational thermal fluctuations of the instantaneous local concentration profile…
We have studied finite $N$-body $D$-dimensional nonextensive ideal gases and harmonic oscillators, by using the maximum-entropy methods with the $q$- and normal averages ($q$: the entropic index). The validity range, specific heat and…
Circadian rhythms are acquired through evolution to increase the chances for survival through synchronizing with the daylight cycle. Reliable synchronization is realized through two trade-off properties: regularity to keep time precisely,…
We investigate a solvable model for energy conserving non-equilibrium steady states. The time-reversal asymmetry of the dynamics leads to the violation of detailed balance and to ergodicity breaking, as manifested by the presence of…
We investigate the relaxation mechanism of a supercooled tetrahedral liquid at its limit of stability using isothermal isobaric ($NPT$) Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In similarity with systems which are far from equilibrium but near the…
$N$-body simulations of non-resonant tightly-packed planetary systems have found that their survival time (i.e. time to first close encounter) grows exponentially with their interplanetary spacing and planetary masses. Although this result…
Using the Ricci and scalar curvatures of the configuration manifold of gravitational N-body systems, we study the exponential instability in their trajectories. It is found that the exponentiation time-scale for isotropic Plummer spheres…
We study the dynamics of thermalization and the approach to equilibrium in the classical phi^4 theory in 1+1 spacetime dimensions. At thermal equilibrium we exploit the equivalence between the classical canonical averages and transfer…