Neutron scattering measurements on the one-dimensional gapped S=1 antiferromagnet, CsNiCl3, have shown that the excitation corresponding to the Haldane mass gap Delta at low temperatures persists as a resonant feature to high temperatures. We find that the strong upward renormalisation of the gap excitation, by a factor of three between 5 and 70K, is more than enough to overcome its decreasing lifetime. We find that the gap lifetime is substantially shorter than that predicted by the scaling theory of Damle and Sachdev in its low temperature range of validity. The upward gap renormalisation agrees with the non-linear sigma model at low temperatures and even up to T of order 2Delta provided an upper mass cutoff is included.
@article{arxiv.cond-mat/0011041,
title = {Temperature Evolution of the Quantum Gap in CsNiCl3},
author = {M. Kenzelmann and R. A. Cowley and W. J. L. Buyers and D. F. McMorrow},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:cond-mat/0011041},
year = {2009}
}