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Many real-world data comes in the form of graphs, such as social networks and protein structure. To fully utilize the information contained in graph data, a new family of machine learning (ML) models, namely graph neural networks (GNNs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Xinlei He , Rui Wen , Yixin Wu , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Text-rich graphs, which exhibit rich textual information on nodes and edges, are prevalent across a wide range of real-world business applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in understanding text,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Qi Zhu , Da Zheng , Xiang Song , Shichang Zhang , Bowen Jin , Yizhou Sun , George Karypis

In the field of chemistry, the objective is to create novel molecules with desired properties, facilitating accurate property predictions for applications such as material design and drug screening. However, existing graph deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Venkataramana Runkana

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to data poisoning attacks, where malicious training examples embed hidden behaviours triggered by specific input patterns. However, most existing works assume a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Sanhanat Sivapiromrat , Caiqi Zhang , Marco Basaldella , Nigel Collier

With the significant development of large models in recent years, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of multimodal understanding and reasoning tasks. Compared to traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Daizong Liu , Mingyu Yang , Xiaoye Qu , Pan Zhou , Yu Cheng , Wei Hu

The integration of multi-omic data is pivotal for understanding complex diseases, but its high dimensionality and noise present significant challenges. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) offer a robust framework for analyzing large-scale…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-23 Heming Zhang , Di Huang , Yixin Chen , Fuhai Li

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become successful in molecular property prediction tasks such as toxicity analysis. However, due to the black-box nature of GNNs, their outputs can be concerning in high-stakes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yinhan He , Zaiyi Zheng , Patrick Soga , Yaozhen Zhu , yushun Dong , Jundong Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently gained much attention for node and graph classification tasks on graph-structured data. However, multiple recent works showed that an attacker can easily make GNNs predict incorrectly via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Binghui Wang , Jinyuan Jia , Xiaoyu Cao , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Text-attributed graphs (TAGs), which combine structural and textual node information, are ubiquitous across many domains. Recent work integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to jointly model semantics and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiaji Ma , Puja Trivedi , Danai Koutra

Graphs are a widely used paradigm for representing non-Euclidean data, with applications ranging from social network analysis to biomolecular prediction. While graph learning has achieved remarkable progress, real-world graph data presents…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated commendable performance for graph-structured data. Yet, GNNs are often vulnerable to adversarial structural attacks as embedding generation relies on graph topology. Existing efforts are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xing Ai , Guanyu Zhu , Yulin Zhu , Yu Zheng , Gaolei Li , Jianhua Li , Kai Zhou

The open-endedness of large language models (LLMs) combined with their impressive capabilities may lead to new safety issues when being exploited for malicious use. While recent studies primarily focus on probing toxic outputs that can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jiaxin Wen , Pei Ke , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Chengfei Li , Jinfeng Bai , Minlie Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have gained widespread adoption across diverse applications due to their impressive generative capabilities. Their plug-and-play nature enables both developers and end users to interact with these models through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zongze Li , Jiawei Guo , Haipeng Cai

Despite advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP), models remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as synonym substitutions. While prior work has focused on improving robustness for feed-forward and convolutional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mohammed Bouri , Adnane Saoud

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely used in diverse brain network analysis tasks based on preprocessed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. However, their performances are constrained due to high feature sparsity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Rui Dong , Zitong Wang , Jiaxing Li , Weihuang Zheng , Youyong Kong

Exploring the application of large language models (LLMs) to graph learning is a emerging endeavor. However, the vast amount of information inherent in large graphs poses significant challenges to this process. This work focuses on the link…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Baolong Bi , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Lingrui Mei , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become central to numerous natural language processing tasks, but their vulnerabilities present significant security and ethical challenges. This systematic survey explores the evolving landscape of attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Zhiyu Liao , Kang Chen , Yuanguo Lin , Kangkang Li , Yunxuan Liu , Hefeng Chen , Xingwang Huang , Yuanhui Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs), characterized by being trained on broad amounts of data in a self-supervised manner, have shown impressive performance across a wide range of tasks. Indeed, their generative abilities have aroused interest on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jorge García-Carrasco , Alejandro Maté , Juan Trujillo

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress, their proficiency in graph-related tasks remains notably limited, hindering the development of truly general-purpose models. Previous attempts, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xiaojun Guo , Ang Li , Yifei Wang , Stefanie Jegelka , Yisen Wang

A graph is a fundamental data model to represent various entities and their complex relationships in society and nature, such as social networks, transportation networks, and financial networks. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Wenbo Shang , Xin Huang
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