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Related papers: Starlink Constellation: Deployment, Configuration,…

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Starlink is a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation operated by Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) which aims to provide global satellite internet access. Thus far, most photometric observations of Starlink satellites…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-08 Grace Halferty , Vishnu Reddy , Tanner Campbell , Adam Battle , Roberto Furfaro

Due to the strong dependency of our societies onGlobal Navigation Satellite Systems and their vulnerability to outages, there is an urgent need for additional navigation systems. A possible approach for such an additional system uses the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-20 Winfried Stock , Christian A. Hofmann , Andreas Knopp

The rapid growth of space-based services has established LEO satellite networks as a promising option for global broadband connectivity. Next-generation LEO networks leverage inter-satellite links (ISLs) to provide faster and more reliable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wanja de Sombre , Arash Asadi , Debopam Bhattacherjee , Deepak Vasisht , Andrea Ortiz

Starlink and alike have attracted a lot of attention recently, however, the inner working of these low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite networks is still largely unknown. This paper presents an ongoing measurement campaign focusing on Starlink,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Jianping Pan , Jinwei Zhao , Lin Cai

Delivering broadband connectivity to unconnected areas is extremely challenging. The emergence of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems has been seen as a potential solution for connecting remote areas. Despite the hype around these new…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-25 Osoro B. Ogutu , Edward J. Oughton

Mega-constellations in Low Earth Orbit have the potential to revolutionise worldwide internet access. The concomitant potential of these mega-constellations to impact space sustainability, however, has prompted concern from space actors as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Calum Spring-Turner , Raj Thilak Rajan

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega constellations are beginning to include laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) to extend the Internet to the most remote locations on Earth. Since the process of establishing these links incurs a setup…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Dhiraj Bhattacharjee , Pablo G. Madoery , Aizaz U. Chaudhry , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Peng Hu , Khaled Ahmed , Stephane Martel

The evolution of 6th generation (6G) networks increasingly relies on satellite-based Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) to extend broadband connectivity to remote and unserved regions, and to support public safety. In this paper we compare two…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Alexander Bonora , Marco Giordani , Michele Zorzi

The exponential increase of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites in the past 5 years has brought into intense focus the need for reliable monitoring and reentry prediction to safeguard from space collisions and ground debris impacts. However,…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Denny M. Oliveira , Eftyhia Zesta , Katherine Garcia-Sage

This paper focuses on 3D localization of transmitting satellites in low Earth orbits (LEO). 3D localization of transmitters in low orbits is an important emerging problem for many applications such as spectrum management, orbit…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ishani Janveja , Jida Zhang , Emerson Sie , Deepak Vasisht

The performance of large-scale Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) networks, which consist of thousands of satellites interconnected by optical links, is dependent on its network topology. Existing topology designs often assume idealized conditions and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Muaz Ali , Beichuan Zhang

LEO Satellite Networks (LSNs) are revolutionizing global connectivity, but their reliance on tens of thousands of satellites raises pressing concerns over sustainability and survivability. In this work, we argue that the inefficiencies in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chris Misa , Ramakrishnan Durairajan

The development of low earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellation fundamentally threatens ground-based optical astronomical observations. To study the photometric properties of the LEO mega-constellations, we used the Xinglong 50 cm telescope to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-11 Hui Zhi , Xiaojun Jiang , Jianfeng Wang

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are rapidly becoming essential enablers of next-generation wireless systems, offering global broadband access, high-precision localization, and reliable sensing beyond terrestrial coverage.…

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are quickly being recognized as an upcoming extension of the Edge-Cloud Continuum into a 3D Continuum. Low-latency connectivity around the Earth and increasing computational power with every…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Thomas Pusztai , Jan Hisberger , Cynthia Marcelino , Stefan Nastic

With the rapid expansion of low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, thousands of satellites are now in operation, many equipped with onboard GNSS receivers capable of continuous orbit determination and time synchronization. This development…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Xing Liu , Xue Xian Zheng , José A. López-Salcedo , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Gonzalo Seco-Granados

In the last few years, considerable research efforts have focused on measuring and improving Starlink network performance, especially for user terminals (UTs) in stationary scenarios. However, the performance of Starlink networks in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jinwei Zhao , Jack Baude , Ali Ahangarpour , Vaibhava Krishna Devulapalli , Sree Ganesh Lalitaditya Divakarla , Zhi-Li Zhang , Jianping Pan

Dynamic link failures disrupt the connectivity and geometric symmetry of the constellation structure, thereby increasing protocol overhead and degrading the effective capacity for traffic transport. The fundamental relationship between…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wei Li , Min Sheng

With the rapid advancement of aerospace technology and the large-scale deployment of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, the challenges facing astronomical observations and deep space exploration have become increasingly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-17 Zhixin Guo , Qi Shi , Xiaofan Xu , Sixiang Shan , Limin Qin , Linqiang Ge , Rui Zhang , Ya Dai , Hua Zhu , Guowei Jiang

In recent years, LEO satellite constellations have become envisioned as a core component of the next-generation wireless communication networks. The successive establishment of mega satellite constellations has triggered further demands for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini