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Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically treat the deepest representation of a vision-language backbone as universally optimal for action prediction. However, robotic manipulation is composed of many frequent closed-loop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Boyang Shen , Kaixiang Yang , Hao Wang , Qiuyu Yu , Qiang Xie , Qiang Li , Zhiwei Wang

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models can generate plausible end-effector motions, yet they often fail in long-horizon, contact-rich tasks because the underlying hand-object interaction (HOI) structure is not explicitly represented. An…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Huajian Zeng , Lingyun Chen , Jiaqi Yang , Yuantai Zhang , Fan Shi , Peidong Liu , Xingxing Zuo

Improving embodied reasoning in multimodal-large-language models (MLLMs) is essential for building vision-language-action models (VLAs) on top of them to readily translate multimodal understanding into low-level actions. Accordingly, recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dongyoung Kim , Sumin Park , Woomin Song , Seungku Kim , Taeyoung Kim , Huiwon Jang , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim , Younggyo Seo

Large foundation models have shown strong open-world generalization to complex problems in vision and language, but similar levels of generalization have yet to be achieved in robotics. One fundamental challenge is that the models exhibit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Guoqing Ma , Siheng Wang , Zeyu Zhang , Shan Yu , Hao Tang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as powerful generalists for robotic manipulation. However, due to their predominant reliance on visual modalities, they fundamentally lack the physical intuition required for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yuzhe Huang , Pei Lin , Wanlin Li , Daohan Li , Jiajun Li , Jiaming Jiang , Chenxi Xiao , Ziyuan Jiao

We study the problem of learning a range of vision-based manipulation tasks from a large offline dataset of robot interaction. In order to accomplish this, humans need easy and effective ways of specifying tasks to the robot. Goal images…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Suraj Nair , Eric Mitchell , Kevin Chen , Brian Ichter , Silvio Savarese , Chelsea Finn

Having engaging and informative conversations with users is the utmost goal for open-domain conversational systems. Recent advances in transformer-based language models and their applications to dialogue systems have succeeded to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Sarik Ghazarian , Zixi Liu , Tuhin Chakrabarty , Xuezhe Ma , Aram Galstyan , Nanyun Peng

Current end-to-end autonomous driving systems are fundamentally limited by a mismatch between temporal causal reasoning and global trajectory consistency. Autoregressive (AR) models capture interaction-aware temporal dependencies via causal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Xiyang Wang , Xinlin Wang , Tingguang Zhou , Gong Chen , Xingtai Gui , Zhi Xu , Xiaolei Wu , Feiyang Tan , Hangning Zhou , Mu Yang

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems aim to achieve specific goals through interactive dialogue. Such tasks usually involve following specific workflows, i.e. executing a sequence of actions in a particular order. While prior work has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Do June Min , Paloma Sodhi , Ramya Ramakrishnan

In this paper, we propose the LoRA of Change (LoC) framework for image editing with visual instructions, i.e., before-after image pairs. Compared to the ambiguities, insufficient specificity, and diverse interpretations of natural language,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xue Song , Jiequan Cui , Hanwang Zhang , Jiaxin Shi , Jingjing Chen , Chi Zhang , Yu-Gang Jiang

To operate effectively in the real world, robots should integrate multimodal reasoning with precise action generation. However, existing vision-language-action (VLA) models often sacrifice one for the other, narrow their abilities to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shuai Yang , Hao Li , Bin Wang , Yilun Chen , Yang Tian , Tai Wang , Hanqing Wang , Feng Zhao , Yiyi Liao , Jiangmiao Pang

Comprehending natural language and following human instructions are critical capabilities for intelligent agents. However, the flexibility of linguistic instructions induces substantial ambiguity across language-conditioned tasks, severely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Runpeng Xie , Quanwei Wang , Hao Hu , Zherui Zhou , Ni Mu , Xiyun Li , Yiqin Yang , Shuang Xu , Qianchuan Zhao , Bo XU

Generalizable articulated object manipulation is essential for home-assistant robots. Recent efforts focus on imitation learning from demonstrations or reinforcement learning in simulation, however, due to the prohibitive costs of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Wenke Xia , Dong Wang , Xincheng Pang , Zhigang Wang , Bin Zhao , Di Hu , Xuelong Li

The integration of visual encoders and large language models (LLMs) has driven recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, the scarcity of high-quality instruction-tuning data for vision-language tasks remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Bin Wang , Fan Wu , Xiao Han , Jiahui Peng , Huaping Zhong , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Weijia Li , Wei Li , Jiaqi Wang , Conghui He

Natural language is perhaps the most flexible and intuitive way for humans to communicate tasks to a robot. Prior work in imitation learning typically requires each task be specified with a task id or goal image -- something that is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Corey Lynch , Pierre Sermanet

Text-driven human motion generation in computer vision is both significant and challenging. However, current methods are limited to producing either deterministic or imprecise motion sequences, failing to effectively control the temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Yin Wang , Zhiying Leng , Frederick W. B. Li , Shun-Cheng Wu , Xiaohui Liang

In text-to-motion generation, controllability as well as generation quality and speed has become increasingly critical. The controllability challenges include generating a motion of a length that matches the given textual description and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Kengo Uchida , Takashi Shibuya , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Julian Tanke , Shusuke Takahashi , Yuki Mitsufuji

The control of robots for manipulation tasks generally relies on visual input. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) enable the use of natural language instructions to condition visual input and control robots in a wider range of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Chenglin Cui , Chaoran Zhu , Changjae Oh , Andrea Cavallaro

The development of general robotic systems capable of manipulating in unstructured environments is a significant challenge. While Vision-Language Models(VLM) excel in high-level commonsense reasoning, they lack the fine-grained 3D spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Mingjie Pan , Jiyao Zhang , Tianshu Wu , Yinghao Zhao , Wenlong Gao , Hao Dong

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in agentic workflows, which are structured sequences of LLM invocations intended to solve complex tasks. However, existing approaches often rely on static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Runchuan Zhu , Bowen Jiang , Lingrui Mei , Fangkai Yang , Lu Wang , Haoxiang Gao , Fengshuo Bai , Pu Zhao , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang