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Humans are remarkably adept at interpreting the gaze direction of other individuals in their surroundings. This skill is at the core of the ability to engage in joint visual attention, which is essential for establishing social…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-30 Daniel Harari , Tao Gao , Nancy Kanwisher , Joshua Tenenbaum , Shimon Ullman

We explore techniques for eye gaze estimation using machine learning. Eye gaze estimation is a common problem for various behavior analysis and human-computer interfaces. The purpose of this work is to discuss various model types for eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Aveena Kottwani , Ayush Kumar

Predicting a reader's rating of text quality is a challenging task that involves estimating different subjective aspects of the text, like structure, clarity, etc. Such subjective aspects are better handled using cognitive information. One…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Sandeep Mathias , Diptesh Kanojia , Kevin Patel , Samarth Agarwal , Abhijit Mishra , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Neural disorders refer to any condition affecting the nervous system and that influence how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Traditional neural diagnoses rely on cumbersome, time-consuming, or subjective methods, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mayar Elfares , Salma Younis , Pascal Reisert , Ralf Küsters , Tobias Renner , Andreas Bulling

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) assumes annotator preferences reflect stable internal states. We challenge this through three experiments spanning the preference pipeline. In a human choice blindness study, 91% of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wenbin Wu

Technical progress in hardware and software enables us to record gaze data in everyday situations and over long time spans. Among a multitude of research opportunities, this technology enables visualization researchers to catch a glimpse…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Kuno Kurzhals , Michael Burch , Daniel Weiskopf

Owing to the advancement of deep learning, artificial systems are now rival to humans in several pattern recognition tasks, such as visual recognition of object categories. However, this is only the case with the tasks for which correct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Xing Liu , Takayuki Okatani

Previous research on scanpath prediction has mainly focused on group models, disregarding the fact that the scanpaths and attentional behaviors of individuals are diverse. The disregard of these differences is especially detrimental to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Fares Abawi , Di Fu , Stefan Wermter

Human gaze is known to be an intention-revealing signal in human demonstrations of tasks. In this work, we use gaze cues from human demonstrators to enhance the performance of agents trained via three popular imitation learning methods --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Akanksha Saran , Ruohan Zhang , Elaine Schaertl Short , Scott Niekum

A user's eyes provide means for Human Computer Interaction (HCI) research as an important modal. The time to time scientific explorations of the eye has already seen an upsurge of the benefits in HCI applications from gaze estimation to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Atul Sahay , Imon Mukherjee , Kavi Arya

Saliency prediction refers to the computational task of modeling overt attention. Social cues greatly influence our attention, consequently altering our eye movements and behavior. To emphasize the efficacy of such features, we present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Fares Abawi , Tom Weber , Stefan Wermter

Humans utilize their gaze to concentrate on essential information while perceiving and interpreting intentions in videos. Incorporating human gaze into computational algorithms can significantly enhance model performance in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Suleyman Ozdel , Yao Rong , Berat Mert Albaba , Yen-Ling Kuo , Xi Wang , Enkelejda Kasneci

Gaze redirection is the task of changing the gaze to a desired direction for a given monocular eye patch image. Many applications such as videoconferencing, films, games, and generation of training data for gaze estimation require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Zhe He , Adrian Spurr , Xucong Zhang , Otmar Hilliges

For machines to effectively assist humans in challenging visual search tasks, they must differentiate whether a human is simply glancing into a scene (navigational intent) or searching for a target object (informational intent). Previous…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mansi Sharma , Shuang Chen , Philipp Müller , Maurice Rekrut , Antonio Krüger

The objects we perceive guide our eye movements when observing real-world dynamic scenes. Yet, gaze shifts and selective attention are critical for perceiving details and refining object boundaries. Object segmentation and gaze behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Vito Mengers , Nicolas Roth , Oliver Brock , Klaus Obermayer , Martin Rolfs

Recent studies on appearance based gaze estimation indicate the ability of Neural Networks to decode gaze information from facial images encompassing pose information. In this paper, we propose Gaze-Net: A capsule network capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Bhanuka Mahanama , Yasith Jayawardana , Sampath Jayarathna

How people look at visual information reveals fundamental information about themselves, their interests and their state of mind. While previous visual attention models output static 2-dimensional saliency maps, saccadic models aim to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Olivier Le Meur , Antoine Coutrot , Zhi Liu , Adrien Le Roch , Andrea Helo , Pia Rama

Background: Outdoor navigation poses significant challenges for people with blindness or low vision, yet the role of gaze behavior in supporting mobility remains underexplored. Fully sighted individuals typically adopt consistent scanning…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Junchi Feng , Fernanda Garcia-Pina , Mahya Beheshti , Todd E Hudson , William Seiple , John-Ross Rizzo

Gaze following aims to interpret human-scene interactions by predicting the person's focal point of gaze. Prevailing approaches often adopt a two-stage framework, whereby multi-modality information is extracted in the initial stage for gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Yuehao Song , Xinggang Wang , Jingfeng Yao , Wenyu Liu , Jinglin Zhang , Xiangmin Xu

Eye-gaze tracking research offers significant promise in enhancing various healthcare-related tasks, above all in medical image analysis and interpretation. Eye tracking, a technology that monitors and records the movement of the eyes,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Sahar Moradizeyveh , Mehnaz Tabassum , Sidong Liu , Robert Ahadizad Newport , Amin Beheshti , Antonio Di Ieva