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Modeling and forecasting interval-valued time series (ITS) have attracted considerable attention due to their growing presence in various contexts. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no efforts to model large-scale ITS. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-07 Wan Tian , Zhongfeng Qin

We explore the promising performance of a transformer model in predicting outputs of parametric dynamical systems with external time-varying input signals. The outputs of such systems vary not only with physical parameters but also with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Shuwen Sun , Lihong Feng , Peter Benner

Transformers have shown great power in time series forecasting due to their global-range modeling ability. However, their performance can degenerate terribly on non-stationary real-world data in which the joint distribution changes over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Yong Liu , Haixu Wu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Producing probabilistic forecasts for large collections of similar and/or dependent time series is a practically relevant and challenging task. Classical time series models fail to capture complex patterns in the data, and multivariate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-30 Yuyang Wang , Alex Smola , Danielle C. Maddix , Jan Gasthaus , Dean Foster , Tim Januschowski

Time series forecasting, which aims to predict future values based on historical data, has garnered significant attention due to its broad range of applications. However, real-world time series often exhibit complex non-uniform distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yanru Sun , Zongxia Xie , Emadeldeen Eldele , Dongyue Chen , Qinghua Hu , Min Wu

Forecasting time series with irregular temporal structures remains challenging for universal pre-trained models. Existing approaches often assume regular sampling or depend heavily on imputation, limiting their applicability in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jingge Xiao , Yile Chen , Gao Cong , Wolfgang Nejdl , Simon Gottschalk

Although Transformer has made breakthrough success in widespread domains especially in Natural Language Processing (NLP), applying it to time series forecasting is still a great challenge. In time series forecasting, the autoregressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Kai Chen , Guang Chen , Dan Xu , Lijun Zhang , Yuyao Huang , Alois Knoll

Time series forecasting has attracted significant attention in the field of AI. Previous works have revealed that the Channel-Independent (CI) strategy improves forecasting performance by modeling each channel individually, but it often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dongyuan Li , Shun Zheng , Chang Xu , Jiang Bian , Renhe Jiang

This study proposes a unified forecasting framework for high-dimensional multi-task time series to meet the prediction demands of cloud native backend systems operating under highly dynamic loads, coupled metrics, and parallel tasks. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zixiao Huang , Jixiao Yang , Sijia Li , Chi Zhang , Jinyu Chen , Chengda Xu

In recent years, numerous Transformer-based models have been applied to long-term time-series forecasting (LTSF) tasks. However, recent studies with linear models have questioned their effectiveness, demonstrating that simple linear layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaheng Yin , Zhengxin Shi , Jianshen Zhang , Xiaomin Lin , Yulin Huang , Yongzhi Qi , Wei Qi

In multivariate time series forecasting, the Transformer architecture encounters two significant challenges: effectively mining features from historical sequences and avoiding overfitting during the learning of temporal dependencies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Han Zhou , Yuntian Chen

Long-short range time series forecasting is essential for predicting future trends and patterns over extended periods. While deep learning models such as Transformers have made significant strides in advancing time series forecasting, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Wenqing Zhang , Junming Huang , Ruotong Wang , Changsong Wei , Wenqian Huang , Yuxin Qiao

Time series forecasting is a crucial task in various domains. Caused by factors such as trends, seasonality, or irregular fluctuations, time series often exhibits non-stationary. It obstructs stable feature propagation through deep layers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Xiang Ma , Xuemei Li , Lexin Fang , Tianlong Zhao , Caiming Zhang

Time-series forecasting has gained significant attention in machine learning due to its crucial role in various domains. However, most existing forecasting models rely heavily on point-wise loss functions like Mean Square Error, which treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Dilfira Kudrat , Zongxia Xie , Yanru Sun , Tianyu Jia , Qinghua Hu

Conformal prediction has been explored as a general and efficient way to provide uncertainty quantification for time series. However, current methods struggle to handle time series data with change points - sudden shifts in the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sophia Sun , Rose Yu

The point cloud learning community witnesses a modeling shift from CNNs to Transformers, where pure Transformer architectures have achieved top accuracy on the major learning benchmarks. However, existing point Transformers are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Zhang Cheng , Haocheng Wan , Xinyi Shen , Zizhao Wu

Time-series classification (TSC) has advanced significantly with deep learning, yet most models rely solely on raw numerical inputs, overlooking alternative representations. While texture-based encodings such as Gramian Angular Fields (GAF)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Madhumitha Venkatesan , Xuyang Chen , Dongyu Liu

Diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models that iteratively denoise samples to produce data. While many works have focused on the number of iterations in this sampling procedure, few have focused on the cost of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Troy Luhman , Eric Luhman

Modeling dynamic temporal dependencies is a critical challenge in time series pre-training, which evolve due to distribution shifts and multi-scale patterns. This temporal variability severely impairs the generalization of pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuemin Wu , Zhongze Wu , Xiu Su , Feng Yang , Hongyan Xu , Xi Lin , Wenti Huang , Shan You , Chang Xu

Intermittent demand forecasting is a ubiquitous and challenging problem in production systems and supply chain management. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on developing forecasting approaches for intermittent demand from…

Applications · Statistics 2022-09-01 Li Li , Yanfei Kang , Fotios Petropoulos , Feng Li