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Equipped with Large Language Models (LLMs), human-centered robots are now capable of performing a wide range of tasks that were previously deemed challenging or unattainable. However, merely completing tasks is insufficient for cognitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hongtao Li , Ziyuan Jiao , Xiaofeng Liu , Hangxin Liu , Zilong Zheng

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) provides a framework to train agents using human preferences between two behaviors. However, preference-based RL has been challenging to scale since it requires a large amount of human feedback…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Changyeon Kim , Jongjin Park , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee , Pieter Abbeel , Kimin Lee

Ensuring AI models align with human values is essential for their safety and functionality. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) leverages human preferences to achieve this alignment. However, when preferences are sourced from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Ryan Bahlous-Boldi , Li Ding , Lee Spector , Scott Niekum

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become a cornerstone for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, existing approaches struggle to capture the multi-dimensional, distributional nuances of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zelei Cheng , Xin-Qiang Cai , Yuting Tang , Pushi Zhang , Boming Yang , Masashi Sugiyama , Xinyu Xing

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) allows a user to express preference over outcomes in terms of the relative importance of the objectives, but standard metrics cannot capture whether changes in preference reliably change the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pau de las Heras Molins , Beyazit Yalcinkaya , Lasse Peters , David Fridovich-Keil , Georgios Bakirtzis

Humanoid robots have demonstrated robust locomotion capabilities using Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based approaches. Further, to obtain human-like behaviors, existing methods integrate human motion-tracking or motion prior in the RL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Dewei Wang , Xinmiao Wang , Xinzhe Liu , Jiyuan Shi , Yingnan Zhao , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li

Humanoid robots are promising to learn a diverse set of human-like locomotion behaviors, including standing up, walking, running, and jumping. However, existing methods predominantly require training independent policies for each skill,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yingnan Zhao , Xinmiao Wang , Dewei Wang , Xinzhe Liu , Dan Lu , Qilong Han , Peng Liu , Chenjia Bai

This paper investigates multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL), which focuses on learning Pareto optimal policies in the presence of multiple reward functions. Despite MORL's significant empirical success, there is still a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Shuang Qiu , Dake Zhang , Rui Yang , Boxiang Lyu , Tong Zhang

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) can enable robots to learn to perform tasks based on an individual's preferences without requiring a hand-crafted reward function. However, existing approaches either assume access to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yi Liu , Gaurav Datta , Ellen Novoseller , Daniel S. Brown

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful approach for aligning generative models, but its reliance on learned reward models makes it vulnerable to mis-specification and reward hacking. Preference-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Akhil Agnihotri , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran , Zheng Wen

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) provides an effective solution for decision-making problems involving conflicting objectives. However, achieving high-quality approximations to the Pareto policy set remains challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tianmeng Hu , Biao Luo

Motion mimicking, i.e., encouraging the control policy to mimic human motion, facilitates the learning of complex tasks via reinforcement learning (RL) for humanoid robots. Although standard RL frameworks demonstrate impressive locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ludwig Chee-Ying Tay , I-Chia Chang , Yan Gu

While reinforcement learning (RL) has become a more popular approach for robotics, designing sufficiently informative reward functions for complex tasks has proven to be extremely difficult due their inability to capture human intent and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Joey Hejna , Dorsa Sadigh

This study presents a comparative analysis between single-objective and multi-objective reinforcement learning methods for training a robot to navigate effectively to an end goal while efficiently avoiding obstacles. Traditional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Vicki Young , Jumman Hossain , Nirmalya Roy

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is a powerful tool to learn Pareto-optimal policy families across conflicting objectives. However, unlike traditional RL algorithms, existing MORL algorithms do not effectively leverage…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Neil Janwani , Ellen Novoseller , Vernon J. Lawhern , Maegan Tucker

Sequential decision making in the real world often requires finding a good balance of conflicting objectives. In general, there exist a plethora of Pareto-optimal policies that embody different patterns of compromises between objectives,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Takuya Kanazawa , Chetan Gupta

The technique of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a commonly employed method to improve pre-trained Language Models (LM), enhancing their ability to conform to human preferences. Nevertheless, the current RLHF-based LMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Han Zhang , Lin Gui , Yuanzhao Zhai , Hui Wang , Yu Lei , Ruifeng Xu

To design rewards that align with human goals, Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a prominent technique for learning reward functions from human preferences and optimizing policies via reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Taehyun Cho , Seokhun Ju , Seungyub Han , Dohyeong Kim , Kyungjae Lee , Jungwoo Lee

This work focuses on generating realistic, physically-based human behaviors from multi-modal inputs, which may only partially specify the desired motion. For example, the input may come from a VR controller providing arm motion and body…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Aayam Shrestha , Pan Liu , German Ros , Kai Yuan , Alan Fern

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) is a suitable approach for style adaptation of pre-trained robotic behavior: adapting the robot's policy to follow human user preferences while still being able to perform the original task.…