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Anomaly detection is an important task for complex systems (e.g., industrial facilities, manufacturing, large-scale science experiments), where failures in a sub-system can lead to low yield, faulty products, or even damage to components.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ryan Humble , Zhe Zhang , Finn O'Shea , Eric Darve , Daniel Ratner

Open-set supervised anomaly detection (OSAD) aims to identify unseen anomalies using limited anomalous supervision. However, existing prototype-based methods typically model normal data via a unimodal Gaussian prior, failing to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Fuyun Wang , Yuanzhi Wang , Xu Guo , Sujia Huang , Tong Zhang , Dan Wang , Hui Yan , Xin Liu , Zhen Cui

Early detection of anomalies in medical images such as brain MRI is highly relevant for diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. Supervised machine learning methods are limited to a small number of pathologies where there is good…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Alexander Frotscher , Jaivardhan Kapoor , Thomas Wolfers , Christian F. Baumgartner

There have been significant advancements in anomaly detection in an unsupervised manner, where only normal images are available for training. Several recent methods aim to detect anomalies based on a memory, comparing or reconstructing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Joo Chan Lee , Taejune Kim , Eunbyung Park , Simon S. Woo , Jong Hwan Ko

Multi-modal industrial anomaly detection typically relies on separate models for each product category, fundamentally limiting practical scalability. When shifting to a unified paradigm that handles diverse classes simultaneously, detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yangchen Wu , Huiqiang Xie

Frame prediction based on AutoEncoder plays a significant role in unsupervised video anomaly detection. Ideally, the models trained on the normal data could generate larger prediction errors of anomalies. However, the correlation between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Xiangyu Huang , Caidan Zhao , Jinghui Yu , Chenxing Gao , Zhiqiang Wu

In this paper, we introduce a novel task termed unified anomaly detection and classification, which aims to simultaneously detect anomalous regions in images and identify their specific categories. Existing methods typically treat anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ximiao Zhang , Min Xu , Zheng Zhang , Junlin Hu , Xiuzhuang Zhou

Graph anomaly detection (GAD), which aims to identify nodes in a graph that significantly deviate from normal patterns, plays a crucial role in broad application domains. However, existing GAD methods are one-model-for-one-dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chaoxi Niu , Hezhe Qiao , Changlu Chen , Ling Chen , Guansong Pang

The goal of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is to detect anomalous signals under the condition that only non-anomalous (normal) data is available beforehand. In UAD under Domain-Shift Conditions (UAD-S), data is further exposed to…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Andres Fernandez , Mark D. Plumbley

Multimodal industrial anomaly detection benefits from integrating RGB appearance with 3D surface geometry, yet existing \emph{unsupervised} approaches commonly rely on memory banks, teacher-student architectures, or fragile fusion schemes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Radia Daci , Vito Renò , Cosimo Patruno , Angelo Cardellicchio , Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed , Marco Leo , Cosimo Distante

Unsupervised anomaly detection in brain images is crucial for identifying injuries and pathologies without access to labels. However, the accurate localization of anomalies in medical images remains challenging due to the inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Farzad Beizaee , Gregory Lodygensky , Christian Desrosiers , Jose Dolz

Anomaly detection is a critical requirement for ensuring safety in autonomous driving. In this work, we leverage Cooperative Perception to share information across nearby vehicles, enabling more accurate identification and consensus of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Ashish Bastola , Hao Wang , Abolfazl Razi

Anomaly detection is facing with emerging challenges in many important industry domains, such as cyber security and online recommendation and advertising. The recent trend in these areas calls for anomaly detection on time-evolving data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Zheng Gao , Lin Guo , Chi Ma , Xiao Ma , Kai Sun , Hang Xiang , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Hongsong Li , Xiaozhong Liu

Industrial anomaly detection (IAD) increasingly benefits from integrating 2D and 3D data, but robust cross-modal fusion remains challenging. We propose a novel unsupervised framework, Multi-Modal Attention-Driven Fusion Restoration (MAFR),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Usman Ali , Ali Zia , Abdul Rehman , Umer Ramzan , Zohaib Hassan , Talha Sattar , Jing Wang , Wei Xiang

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to detect defective parts of a sample by having access, during training, to a set of normal, i.e. defect-free, data. It has many applications in fields, such as industrial inspection or medical imaging,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Robin Trombetta , Carole Lartizien

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods are trained with normal (or healthy) images only, but during testing, they are able to classify normal and abnormal (or disease) images. UAD is an important medical image analysis (MIA) method to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Yu Tian , Fengbei Liu , Guansong Pang , Yuanhong Chen , Yuyuan Liu , Johan W. Verjans , Rajvinder Singh , Gustavo Carneiro

Anomaly detection from a single image is challenging since anomaly data is always rare and can be with highly unpredictable types. With only anomaly-free data available, most existing methods train an AutoEncoder to reconstruct the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yunfei Liu , Chaoqun Zhuang , Feng Lu

Industrial anomaly detection based on RGB-3D multimodal data has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for intelligent quality inspection. However, existing unsupervised methods suffer from two critical limitations: ambiguous cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zewen Li , Shuo Ye , Zitong Yu , Weicheng Xie , Linlin Shen

Universal Cross-Domain Retrieval (UCDR) retrieves relevant images from unseen domains and classes without semantic labels, ensuring robust generalization. Existing methods commonly employ prompt tuning with pre-trained vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Haoyu Jiang , Zhi-Qi Cheng , Gabriel Moreira , Jiawen Zhu , Jingdong Sun , Bukun Ren , Jun-Yan He , Qi Dai , Xian-Sheng Hua

In time series anomaly detection (TSAD), the scarcity of labeled data poses a challenge to the development of accurate models. Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) offers a solution by leveraging labeled data from a related domain to detect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zahra Zamanzadeh Darban , Yiyuan Yang , Geoffrey I. Webb , Charu C. Aggarwal , Qingsong Wen , Shirui Pan , Mahsa Salehi