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The Tur\'an number $ex(n,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. Let $T$ be any tree. The odd-ballooning of $T$, denoted by $T_o$, is a graph obtained by replacing each edge of $T$ with an odd cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Xiutao Zhu , Yaojun Chen

An $(m,n)$-colored mixed graph $G$ is a graph with its arcs having one of the $m$ different colors and edges having one of the $n$ different colors. A homomorphism $f$ of an $(m,n)$-colored mixed graph $G$ to an $(m,n)$-colored mixed graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-08-31 Sandip Das , Soumen Nandi , Sagnik Sen

Two graphs $G_{1} = (V_{1}, E_{1})$ and $G_{2} = (V_{2}, E_{2})$, each of order $n$, pack if there exists a bijection $f$ from $V_{1}$ onto $V_{2}$ such that $uv \in E_{1}$ implies $f(u)f(v) \notin E_{2}$. In 2014, \.{Z}ak proved that if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-18 Ervin Győri , Alexandr Kostochka , Andrew McConvey , Derrek Yager

An edge colored graph is said to contain rainbow-$F$ if $F$ is a subgraph and every edge receives a different color. In 2007, Keevash, Mubayi, Sudakov, and Verstra\"ete introduced the \emph{rainbow extremal number} $\mathrm{ex}^*(n,F)$, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Nicholas Crawford , Dylan King , Sam Spiro

Given graphs $H$ and $F$, $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ denotes the largest number of copies of $H$ in $F$-free $n$-vertex graphs. Let $\chi(H)<\chi(F)=r+1$. We say that $H$ is $F$-Tur\'an-stable if the following holds. For any $\varepsilon>0$ there…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-03 Dániel Gerbner , Hilal Hama Karim

For a fixed graph $F$, let $ex_F(G)$ denote the size of the largest $F$-free subgraph of $G$. Computing or estimating $ex_F(G)$ for various pairs $F,G$ is one of the central problems in extremal combinatorics. It is thus natural to ask how…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-11 Lior Gishboliner , Yevgeny Levanzov , Asaf Shapira

An edge-colored graph is said to contain a rainbow-$F$ if it contains $F$ as a subgraph and every edge of $F$ is a distinct color. The problem of maximizing edges among $n$-vertex properly edge-colored graphs not containing a rainbow-$F$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-26 Ervin Győri , Ryan R. Martin , Addisu Paulos , Casey Tompkins , Kitti Varga

Given a set of graphs $\mathcal{H}$, we say that a graph $G$ is \textit{$\mathcal{H}$-free} if it does not contain any member of $\mathcal{H}$ as a subgraph. Let $\text{ex}(n,\mathcal{H})$ (resp. $\text{ex}_{sp}(n,\mathcal{H})$) denote the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Yifang Hao , Shuchao Li

The classical spectral Tur\'{a}n problem is to determine the maximum spectral radius of an $\mathcal{F}$-free graph of order $n$. Zhai and Wang [Linear Algebra Appl, 437 (2012) 1641-1647] determined the maximum spectral radius of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Mingsong Qin , Dan Li

An ordered graph $H$ is a simple graph with a linear order on its vertex set. The corresponding Tur\'an problem, first studied by Pach and Tardos, asks for the maximum number $\text{ex}_<(n,H)$ of edges in an ordered graph on $n$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-22 Dániel Korándi , Gábor Tardos , István Tomon , Craig Weidert

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, the generalized Tur\'{a}n number ${\rm ex}(G,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free subgraph of $G$. In this paper, we obtain an asymptotic upper bound on ${\rm ex}(CT_n,C_{2l})$ for any $n \ge 3$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Mengyu Cao , Benjian Lv , Kaishun Wang , Sanming Zhou

Let $\mc{F}$ be a family of graphs. A graph is {\em $\mc{F}$-free} if it contains no copy of a graph in $\mc{F}$ as a subgraph. A cornerstone of extremal graph theory is the study of the {\em Tur\'an number} $ex(n,\mc{F})$, the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-14 Peter Keevash , Benny Sudakov , Jacques Verstraete

For graphs $H$ and $F$, the generalized Tur\'an number $ex(n,H,F)$ is the largest number of copies of $H$ in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We say that $H$ is $F$-Tur\'an-good if $ex(n,H,F)$ is the number of copies in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-24 Dániel Gerbner

For graph $G$, $F$ and integer $n$, the generalized Tu\'an number $ex(n,G,F)$ denotes the maximum number of copies of $G$ that an $F$-free $n$-vertex graph can have. We study this parameter when both $G$ and $F$ are complete bipartite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Dániel Gerbner , Balázs Patkós

For any $\epsilon > 0$, we show that if $G$ is a regular graph on $n \gg_\epsilon 1$ vertices that is $\epsilon$-far (differs by at least $\epsilon n^2$ edges) from any Tur\'{a}n graph, then its second eigenvalue $\lambda_2$ satisfies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Shengtong Zhang

A graph is color-critical if it contains an edge whose deletion reduces its chromatic number. This class of graphs, including cliques and odd cycles, plays a central role in extremal graph theory. In this paper, following an influential…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Longfei Fang , Yongtao Li , Huiqiu Lin , Jie Ma

Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of $r$-graphs. The Tur\'an number $ex_r(n;\mathcal{F})$ is defined to be the maximum number of edges in an $r$-graph of order $n$ that is $\mathcal{F}$-free. The famous Erd\H{o}s Matching Conjecture shows that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-11 Jian Wang , Weihua Yang

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a set of graphs. The planar Tur\'an number, $ex_\mathcal{P}(n,\mathcal{H})$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex planar graph which does not contain any member of $\mathcal{H}$ as a subgraph. When…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Ervin Győri , Alan Li , Runtian Zhou

Let t be an integer, f(n) a function, and H a graph. Define the t-Ramsey-Tur\'an number of H, RT_t(n, H, f(n)), to be the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex, H-free graph G where f(n) is larger than the maximum number of vertices in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-29 József Balogh , John Lenz

For a $k$-vertex graph $F$ and an $n$-vertex graph $G$, an $F$-tiling in $G$ is a collection of vertex-disjoint copies of $F$ in $G$. For $r\in \mathbb{N}$, the $r$-independence number of $G$, denoted $\alpha_r(G)$ is the largest size of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 Jie Han , Patrick Morris , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang
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