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The application of Deep Learning (DL) for medical diagnosis is often hampered by two problems. First, the amount of training data may be scarce, as it is limited by the number of patients who have acquired the condition to be diagnosed.…

Medical segmentation is performed to determine the bounds of regions of interest (ROI) prior to surgery. By allowing the study of growth, structure, and behaviour of the ROI in the planning phase, critical information can be obtained,…

Brain tumor segmentation is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning, yet challenges such as class imbalance and limited model generalization continue to hinder progress. This work presents a reproducible evaluation of U-Net…

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in medical image analysis, however its adoption in clinical practice is limited by a lack of interpretability. These models often make correct predictions without explaining their reasoning.…

Segmentation tasks in medical imaging are inherently ambiguous: the boundary of a target structure is oftentimes unclear due to image quality and biological factors. As such, predicted segmentations from deep learning algorithms are…

Brain tumors are among the deadliest cancers worldwide, with particularly devastating impact in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where limited access to medical imaging infrastructure and expertise often delays diagnosis and treatment planning.…

Reliable tumor segmentation in thoracic computed tomography (CT) remains challenging due to boundary ambiguity, class imbalance, and anatomical variability. We propose an uncertainty-guided, coarse-to-fine segmentation framework that…

In the clinical diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, manual image reading consumes a lot of energy and time. In recent years, the automatic tumor classification technology based on deep learning has entered people's field of vision.…

Brain cancer can be very fatal, but chances of survival increase through early detection and treatment. Doctors use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to detect and locate tumors in the brain, and very carefully analyze scans to segment brain…

A major challenge in brain tumor treatment planning and quantitative evaluation is determination of the tumor extent. The noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique has emerged as a front-line diagnostic tool for brain tumors…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have witnessed great successes in semantic segmentation, which requires a large number of labeled data for training. We present a novel learning framework called Uncertainty guided Cross-head Co-training (UCC)…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely used for brain tumor diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-treatment surveillance. Recently, various models based on deep neural networks have been proposed for the pixel-level segmentation of…

There has recently been great progress in automatic segmentation of medical images with deep learning algorithms. In most works observer variation is acknowledged to be a problem as it makes training data heterogeneous but so far no…

When diagnosing the brain tumor, doctors usually make a diagnosis by observing multimodal brain images from the axial view, the coronal view and the sagittal view, respectively. And then they make a comprehensive decision to confirm the…

Brain tumors analysis is important in timely diagnosis and effective treatment to cure patients. Tumor analysis is challenging because of tumor morphology like size, location, texture, and heteromorphic appearance in the medical images. In…

Despite the recent improvements in overall accuracy, deep learning systems still exhibit low levels of robustness. Detecting possible failures is critical for a successful clinical integration of these systems, where each data point…

Brain tumors are one of the most common diseases that lead to early death if not diagnosed at an early stage. Traditional diagnostic approaches are extremely time-consuming and prone to errors. In this context, computer vision-based…

Automatic and accurate segmentation for retinal and choroidal layers of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is crucial for detection of various ocular diseases. However, because of the variations in different equipments, OCT data obtained…

The rapid increment of morbidity of brain stroke in the last few years have been a driving force towards fast and accurate segmentation of stroke lesions from brain MRI images. With the recent development of deep-learning, computer-aided…

Deep neural networks have been shown to be highly miscalibrated. often they tend to be overconfident in their predictions. It poses a significant challenge for safety-critical systems to utilise deep neural networks (DNNs), reliably. Many…