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Self-supervised representation learning has made significant leaps fueled by progress in contrastive learning, which seeks to learn transformations that embed positive input pairs nearby, while pushing negative pairs far apart. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Tri Huynh , Simon Kornblith , Matthew R. Walter , Michael Maire , Maryam Khademi

Long Document retrieval (DR) has always been a tremendous challenge for reading comprehension and information retrieval. The pre-training model has achieved good results in the retrieval stage and Ranking for long documents in recent years.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Chunyu Li , Jiajia Ding , Xing hu , Fan Wang

Event Causality Identification (ECI) refers to the detection of causal relations between events in texts. However, most existing studies focus on sentence-level ECI with high-resource languages, leaving more challenging document-level ECI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Zhitao He , Pengfei Cao , Zhuoran Jin , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Mengshu Sun , Jun Zhao

In recent years, several unsupervised, "contrastive" learning algorithms in vision have been shown to learn representations that perform remarkably well on transfer tasks. We show that this family of algorithms maximizes a lower bound on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Mike Wu , Chengxu Zhuang , Milan Mosse , Daniel Yamins , Noah Goodman

Unsupervised sentence embedding aims to obtain the most appropriate embedding for a sentence to reflect its semantic. Contrastive learning has been attracting developing attention. For a sentence, current models utilize diverse data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Hao Wang , Yangguang Li , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Lingpeng Kong , Jing Shao

As deep learning models grow in complexity, achieving model-agnostic interpretability becomes increasingly vital. In this work, we employ post-hoc conceptual contrastive edits to expose noteworthy patterns and biases imprinted in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Stamou

Monaural speech enhancement (SE) is an ill-posed problem due to the irreversible degradation process. Recent methods to achieve SE tasks rely solely on positive information, e.g., ground-truth speech and speech-relevant features. Different…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-27 Xinmeng Xu , Weiping Tu , Chang Han , Yuhong Yang

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

Training robust retrieval and reranker models typically relies on large-scale retrieval datasets; for example, the BGE collection contains 1.6 million query-passage pairs sourced from various data sources. However, we find that certain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Nandan Thakur , Crystina Zhang , Xueguang Ma , Jimmy Lin

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a powerful imaging technique with diverse applications, e.g., medical diagnosis, industrial monitoring, and environmental studies. The EIT inverse problem is about inferring the internal conductivity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Derick Nganyu Tanyu , Jianfeng Ning , Andreas Hauptmann , Bangti Jin , Peter Maass

This paper introduces Ranking Info Noise Contrastive Estimation (RINCE), a new member in the family of InfoNCE losses that preserves a ranked ordering of positive samples. In contrast to the standard InfoNCE loss, which requires a strict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 David T. Hoffmann , Nadine Behrmann , Juergen Gall , Thomas Brox , Mehdi Noroozi

Recently, contrastive learning has become a key component in fine-tuning code search models for software development efficiency and effectiveness. It pulls together positive code snippets while pushing negative samples away given search…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Haochen Li , Xin Zhou , Luu Anh Tuan , Chunyan Miao

In dense retrieval, effective training hinges on selecting high quality hard negatives while avoiding false negatives. Recent methods apply heuristics based on positive document scores to identify hard negatives, improving both performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bongsu Kim

Enterprise search systems often struggle to retrieve accurate, domain-specific information due to semantic mismatches and overlapping terminologies. These issues can degrade the performance of downstream applications such as knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hansa Meghwani , Amit Agarwal , Priyaranjan Pattnayak , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Srikant Panda

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently been applied to adversarial learning tasks. Such practice considers adversarial samples as additional positive views of an instance, and by maximizing their agreements with each other, yields better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Qiying Yu , Jieming Lou , Xianyuan Zhan , Qizhang Li , Wangmeng Zuo , Yang Liu , Jingjing Liu

Sampling proper negatives from a large document pool is vital to effectively train a dense retrieval model. However, existing negative sampling strategies suffer from the uninformative or false negative problem. In this work, we empirically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kun Zhou , Yeyun Gong , Xiao Liu , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yelong Shen , Anlei Dong , Jingwen Lu , Rangan Majumder , Ji-Rong Wen , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Recent advancements in deep learning have proven highly effective in medical image classification, notably within histopathology. However, noisy labels represent a critical challenge in histopathology image classification, where accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Lucas Dedieu , Nicolas Nerrienet , Adrien Nivaggioli , Clara Simmat , Marceau Clavel , Arnaud Gauthier , Stéphane Sockeel , Rémy Peyret

Contrastive learning has been extensively studied in sentence embedding learning, which assumes that the embeddings of different views of the same sentence are closer. The constraint brought by this assumption is weak, and a good sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Xing Wu , Chaochen Gao , Zijia Lin , Jizhong Han , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

Previous deep learning approaches for survival analysis have primarily relied on ranking losses to improve discrimination performance, which often comes at the expense of calibration performance. To address such an issue, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Dongjoon Lee , Hyeryn Park , Changhee Lee

Achieving backward compatibility when rolling out new models can highly reduce costs or even bypass feature re-encoding of existing gallery images for in-production visual retrieval systems. Previous related works usually leverage losses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Qiang Meng , Chixiang Zhang , Xiaoqiang Xu , Feng Zhou