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Constraint-based methods are one of the main approaches for causal structure learning that are particularly valued as they are asymptotically guaranteed to find a structure that is Markov equivalent to the causal graph of the system. On the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Ehsan Mokhtarian , Sina Akbari , AmirEmad Ghassami , Negar Kiyavash

The perceived advantage of machine learning (ML) models is that they are flexible and can incorporate a large number of features. However, many of these are typically correlated or dependent, and incorporating all of them can hinder model…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-11 Anwesha Bhattacharyya , Yaqun Wang , Joel Vaughan , Vijayan N. Nair

We analyze the complexity of learning directed acyclic graphical models from observational data in general settings without specific distributional assumptions. Our approach is information-theoretic and uses a local Markov boundary search…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Ming Gao , Bryon Aragam

Leveraging deep learning for causal discovery in time series remains challenging because existing neural methods predominantly rely on component-wise architectures that fail to capture shared system dynamics or employ decoupled post-hoc…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Omar Muhammad , Pasupuleti Dhruv Shivkant , Deepak N. Subramani

In this study, we present a novel constraint-based algorithm for causal structure learning specifically designed for nonlinear autoregressive time series. Our algorithm significantly reduces computational complexity compared to existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mohammad Fesanghary , Achintya Gopal

We propose a new yet natural algorithm for learning the graph structure of general discrete graphical models (a.k.a. Markov random fields) from samples. Our algorithm finds the neighborhood of a node by sequentially adding nodes that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-02-09 Praneeth Netrapalli , Siddhartha Banerjee , Sujay Sanghavi , Sanjay Shakkottai

The problem of learning Markov equivalence classes of Bayesian network structures may be solved by searching for the maximum of a scoring metric in a space of these classes. This paper deals with the definition and analysis of one such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Vincent Auvray , Louis Wehenkel

Learning the structure of a causal graphical model using both observational and interventional data is a fundamental problem in many scientific fields. A promising direction is continuous optimization for score-based methods, which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Phillip Lippe , Taco Cohen , Efstratios Gavves

Many learning algorithms can be represented as Markov processes, and understanding their generalization error is a central topic in learning theory. For specific continuous-time noisy algorithms, a prominent analysis technique relies on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Benjamin Dupuis , Maxime Haddouche , George Deligiannidis , Umut Simsekli

We consider the problem of estimating the underlying graph associated with a Markov random field, with the added twist that the decoding algorithm can iteratively choose which subsets of nodes to sample based on the previous samples,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Jonathan Scarlett , Volkan Cevher

Predicting the effect of unseen interventions is a fundamental research question across the data sciences. It is well established that in general such questions cannot be answered definitively from observational data. This realization has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-27 Alexis Bellot

We posit that autoregressive flow models are well-suited to performing a range of causal inference tasks - ranging from causal discovery to making interventional and counterfactual predictions. In particular, we exploit the fact that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-28 Ricardo Pio Monti , Ilyes Khemakhem , Aapo Hyvarinen

We present for the first time an asymptotic convergence analysis of two time-scale stochastic approximation driven by "controlled" Markov noise. In particular, the faster and slower recursions have non-additive controlled Markov noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Prasenjit Karmakar

Under standard graphical assumptions, the Markov boundary of a target variable is the smallest set of features that renders every other feature redundant. Once the boundary is observed, the target is conditionally independent of the rest of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shu Wan , Abhinav Gorantla , Huan Liu , K. Selçuk Candan

Model discovery based on existing data has been one of the major focuses of mathematical modelers for decades. Despite tremendous achievements of model identification from adequate data, how to unravel the models from limited data is less…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-25 Jia Zhao , Jarrod Mau

Causal discovery aims to uncover cause-and-effect relationships encoded in causal graphs by leveraging observational, interventional data, or their combination. The majority of existing causal discovery methods are developed assuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Lai Wei , Murat Kocaoglu , Mahsa Ghasemi

Essential to visual generation is efficient modeling of visual data priors. Conventional next-token prediction methods define the process as learning the conditional probability distribution of successive tokens. Recently, next-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jinhua Zhang , Wei Long , Minghao Han , Weiyi You , Shuhang Gu

Two apparently unrelated fields -- normalizing flows and causality -- have recently received considerable attention in the machine learning community. In this work, we highlight an intrinsic correspondence between a simple family of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-25 Ilyes Khemakhem , Ricardo Pio Monti , Robert Leech , Aapo Hyvärinen

Many machine learning strategies designed to automate mathematical tasks leverage neural networks to search large combinatorial spaces of mathematical symbols. In contrast to traditional evolutionary approaches, using a neural network at…

Visual AutoRegressive modeling (VAR) based on next-scale prediction has revitalized autoregressive visual generation. Although its full-context dependency, i.e., modeling all previous scales for next-scale prediction, facilitates more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yu Zhang , Jingyi Liu , Yiwei Shi , Qi Zhang , Duoqian Miao , Changwei Wang , Longbing Cao
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