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In $d$-Scattered Set we are given an (edge-weighted) graph and are asked to select at least $k$ vertices, so that the distance between any pair is at least $d$, thus generalizing Independent Set. We provide upper and lower bounds on the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Ioannis Katsikarelis , Michael Lampis , Vangelis Th. Paschos

Most popular word embedding techniques involve implicit or explicit factorization of a word co-occurrence based matrix into low rank factors. In this paper, we aim to generalize this trend by using numerical methods to factor higher-order…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-19 Eric Bailey , Shuchin Aeron

A finite word $w$ of length $n$ contains at most $n+1$ distinct palindromic factors. If the bound $n+1$ is attained, the word $w$ is called rich. An infinite word $w$ is called rich if every finite factor of $w$ is rich. Let $w$ be a word…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-21 Josef Rukavicka

A gapped repeat is a factor of the form $uvu$ where $u$ and $v$ are nonempty words. The period of the gapped repeat is defined as $|u|+|v|$. The gapped repeat is maximal if it cannot be extended to the left or to the right by at least one…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-01 Roman Kolpakov , Mikhail Podolskiy , Mikhail Posypkin , Nickolay Khrapov

Following (Kolpakov et al., 2013; Gawrychowski and Manea, 2015), we continue the study of {\em $\alpha$-gapped repeats} in strings, defined as factors $uvu$ with $|uv|\leq \alpha |u|$. Our main result is the $O(\alpha n)$ bound on the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-05 Maxime Crochemore , Roman Kolpakov , Gregory Kucherov

Partial words are sequences over a finite alphabet that may contain wildcard symbols, called holes, which match or are compatible with all letters; partial words without holes are said to be full words (or simply words). Given an infinite…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Francine Blanchet-Sadri , Aleksandar Chakarov , Lucas Manuelli , Jarett Schwartz , Slater Stich

Let $w$ be a string of length $n$. The problem of counting factors crossing a position - Problem 64 from the textbook ``125 Problems in Text Algorithms'' [Crochemore, Leqroc, and Rytter, 2021], asks to count the number $\mathcal{C}(w,k)$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haruki Umezaki , Hiroki Shibata , Dominik Köppl , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai

A novel long-lived distributed problem, called Team Formation (TF), is introduced together with a message- and time-efficient randomized algorithm. The problem is defined over the asynchronous model with a complete communication graph,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuval Emek , Shay Kutten , Ido Rafael , Gadi Taubenfeld

In this paper, we consider a variant of the classical algorithmic problem of checking whether a given word $v$ is a subsequence of another word $w$. More precisely, we consider the problem of deciding, given a number $p$ (defining a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Maria Kosche , Tore Koß , Florin Manea , Viktoriya Pak

A subsequence of a word $w$ is a word $u$ such that $u = w[i_1] w[i_2] \dots w[i_{k}]$, for some set of indices $1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < \dots < i_k \leq \lvert w\rvert$. A word $w$ is $k$-subsequence universal over an alphabet $\Sigma$ if every…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Duncan Adamson , Pamela Fleischmann , Annika Huch , Tore Koß , Florin Manea , Dirk Nowotka

Let $A_q$ be a $q$-letter alphabet and $w$ be a right infinite word on this alphabet. A subword of $w$ is a block of consecutive letters of $w$. The subword complexity function of $w$ assigns to each positive integer $n$ the number $f_w(n)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Irina Gheorghiciuc

In 1991 H\'ebrard introduced a factorization of words that turned out to be a powerful tool for the investigation of a word's scattered factors (also known as (scattered) subwords or subsequences). Based on this, first Karandikar and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Pamela Fleischmann , Jonas Höfer , Annika Huch , Dirk Nowotka

A pattern $\alpha$ is a string of variables and terminal letters. We say that $\alpha$ matches a word $w$, consisting only of terminal letters, if $w$ can be obtained by replacing the variables of $\alpha$ by terminal words. The matching…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Paweł Gawrychowski , Florin Manea , Stefan Siemer

Words embedding (distributed word vector representations) have become an essential component of many natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, word analogy, named entity recognition and word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Idris Abdulmumin , Bashir Shehu Galadanci

This chapter is dedicated to recent developments in the field of wavelet analysis for scattered data. We introduce the concept of samplets, which are signed measures of wavelet type and may be defined on sets of arbitrarily distributed data…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Helmut Harbrecht , Michael Multerer

Letting $w$ denote a finite, nonempty word, let $\text{red}(w)$ denote the word obtained from $w$ by replacing every subword $s$ of $w$ of the form $cc \cdots c$ for a given character $c$ (such that there is no character immediately to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-22 John M. Campbell , James Currie , Narad Rampersad

Given a set I of word, the set of all words obtained by the shuffle of (copies of) words of I is naturally provided with a partial order. In [FS05], the authors have opened the problem of the characterization of the finite sets I such that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Flavio D'Alessandro , Gwénaël Richomme , Stefano Varrichio

We consider words over a binary alphabet. A word $w$ is overlap-free if it does not have factors (blocks of consecutive letters) of the form $uvuvu$ for nonempty $u$. Let $M(w)$ denote the number of positions that are middle positions of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-11 Tero Harju

The relationship between the length of a word and the maximum length of its unbordered factors is investigated in this paper. Consider a finite word w of length n. We call a word bordered, if it has a proper prefix which is also a suffix of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Tero Harju , Dirk Nowotka