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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) represents a significant opportunity for practical quantum computing applications, particularly in the era before error correction is fully realized. This algorithm is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Yiwen Liu , Qingyue Jiao , Yidong Zhou , Zhiding Liang , Yiyu Shi , Ke Wan , Shangjie Guo

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum processors. However, finding good variational parameters remains a significant challenge due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Yu-Cheng Lin , Yu-Chao Hsu , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

The present tutorial aims to provide a comprehensible and easily accessible introduction into the theory and implementation of the famous Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). We lay our focus on practical aspects and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Andreas Sturm

Quantum Annealing (QA) and the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) are two special cases of the following control problem: apply a combination of two Hamiltonians to minimize the energy of a quantum state. Which is more…

Quantum computing is gaining popularity across a wide range of scientific disciplines due to its potential to solve long-standing computational problems that are considered intractable with classical computers. One promising area where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-15 Benjamin C. B. Symons , David Galvin , Emre Sahin , Vassil Alexandrov , Stefano Mensa

Quantum computers are expected to accelerate solving combinatorial optimization problems, including algorithms such as Grover adaptive search and quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). However, many combinatorial optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-05 Takuya Yoshioka , Keita Sasada , Yuichiro Nakano , Keisuke Fujii

The quantum-classical hybrid algorithm is an algorithm that holds promise in demonstrating the quantum advantage in NISQ devices. When running such algorithms, effects from quantum noise are inevitable. In our work, we consider a well-known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Cheng Xue , Zhao-Yun Chen , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising method for solving certain classical combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. When employing the QAOA to 3-SAT and Max-3-SAT problems, the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Yunlong Yu , Chenfeng Cao , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates for achieving quantum advantage through quantum-enhanced combinatorial optimization. In a typical QAOA setup, a set of quantum circuit parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Alexey Galda , Xiaoyuan Liu , Danylo Lykov , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Database systems encompass several performance-critical optimization tasks, such as join ordering and index tuning. As data volumes grow and workloads become more complex, these problems have become exponentially harder to solve…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hanwen Liu , Ibrahim Sabek

Solving optimization problems with high performance is the target of existing works of Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). With this intention, we propose an advanced QAOA based on incremental learning, where the training…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Lingxiao Li , Jing Li , Yanqi Song , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Fei Gao

Variational quantum algorithms offer fascinating prospects for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems using digital quantum computers. However, the achievable performance in such algorithms and the role of quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Gopal Chandra Santra , Fred Jendrzejewski , Philipp Hauke , Daniel J. Egger

We present Snapshot-QAOA, a variation of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) that finds approximate minimum energy eigenstates of a large set of quantum Hamiltonians (i.e. Hamiltonians with non-diagonal terms).…

Portfolio optimization is a primary component of the decision-making process in finance, aiming to tactfully allocate assets to achieve optimal returns while considering various constraints. Herein, we proposed a method that uses the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Chansreynich Huot , Kimleang Kea , Tae-Kyung Kim , Youngsun Han

Analog quantum algorithms are formulated in terms of Hamiltonians rather than unitary gates and include quantum adiabatic computing, quantum annealing, and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). These algorithms are…

We present an approach, which we term quantum-enhanced optimization, to accelerate classical optimization algorithms by leveraging quantum sampling. Our method uses quantum-generated samples as warm starts to classical heuristics for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Ieva Čepaitė , Niam Vaishnav , Leo Zhou , Ashley Montanaro

We study algorithms inspired by quantum annealing that are suited for the NISQ era. First, we analyze approximate quantum annealing (AQA), which employs a discretized annealing ansatz in which the time step and the number of layers are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Rijul Sachdeva , Vrinda Mehta , Manpreet Singh Jattana , Kristel Michielsen , Fengping Jin

To mitigate the barren plateau problem, effective parameter initialization is crucial for optimizing the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) in the near-term Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. Prior physics-driven…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Lei Jiang , Chi Zhang , Fan Chen

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) requires considered optimization problems to be translated into a compatible format. A popular transformation step in this pipeline involves the quadratization of higher-order binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Damian Rovara , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers (NISQ computers) are now readily available, motivating many researchers to experiment with Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs). Among them, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Camille Grange , Michael Poss , Eric Bourreau