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LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex tasks that are difficult for individual LLMs. A natural strategy is to scale performance by increasing the number of agents; however, we find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingxuan Yang , Chengrui Qu , Muning Wen , Laixi Shi , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang , Adam Wierman , Shangding Gu

In this research we use a decentralized computing approach to allocate and schedule tasks on a massively distributed grid. Using emergent properties of multi-agent systems, the algorithm dynamically creates and dissociates clusters to serve…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Soumya Banerjee , Joshua Hecker

This paper explores how Large Language Models (LLMs) can automate consensus-seeking in supply chain management (SCM), where frequent decisions on problems such as inventory levels and delivery times require coordination among companies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Valeria Jannelli , Stefan Schoepf , Matthias Bickel , Torbjørn Netland , Alexandra Brintrup

Multi-agent systems provide a powerful way to extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing a complex task into specialized subtasks handled by different agents. However, their performance is often hindered by error propagation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zheng Wang , Yuang Liu , Yangkai Ding

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has accelerated the adoption of agent-based workflows, where multiple autonomous agents reason, invoke functions, and collaborate to compose complex data pipelines. However, current…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Zoi Kaoudi , Ioana Giurgiu

Recent advances in agent and multi-agent systems have shown strong performance on tool use, reasoning, and collaborative tasks. However, existing benchmarks mostly evaluate task completion in weakly coupled environments, and provide limited…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ziqi Wang , Yuhao Yang , Zhiwei Ling , Wenzhuo Qian , Hailiang Zhao

Distributed optimization finds applications in large-scale machine learning, data processing and classification over multi-agent networks. In real-world scenarios, the communication network of agents may encounter latency that may affect…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Narahari Kasagatta Ramesh , Alireza Aghasi

This paper develops a stochastic programming framework for multi-agent systems where task decomposition, assignment, and scheduling problems are simultaneously optimized. The framework can be applied to heterogeneous mobile robot teams with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Bo Fu , William Smith , Denise Rizzo , Matthew Castanier , Maani Ghaffari , Kira Barton

A variety of problems in distributed control involve a networked system of autonomous agents cooperating to carry out some complex task in a decentralized fashion, e.g., orienting a flock of drones, or aggregating data from a network of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Bernadette Charron-Bost , Patrick Lambein-Monette

Most existing Large Language Model (LLM)-based agent frameworks rely on centralized orchestration, incurring high deployment costs, rigid communication topologies, and limited adaptability. To address these challenges, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ji Wang , Kashing Chen , Xinyuan Song , Ke Zhang , Lynn Ai , Eric Yang , Bill Shi

Multi-agent systems can be extremely efficient when working concurrently and collaboratively, e.g., for delivery, surveillance, search and rescue. Coordination of such teams often involves two aspects: selecting appropriate subteams for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qingyuan Luo , Jie Li , Meng Guo

Decentralized combinatorial optimization in evolving multi-agent systems poses significant challenges, requiring agents to balance long-term decision-making, short-term optimized collective outcomes, while preserving autonomy of interactive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuhao Qin , Evangelos Pournaras

Multi-agent systems cooperation to achieve global goals is usually limited by sensing, actuation, and communication issues. At the local level, continuous measurement and actuation is only approximated by the use of digital mechanisms that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Eloy Garcia , Yongcan Cao , David W. Casbeer

Solving a collision-aware multi-agent mission planning (task allocation and path finding) problem is challenging due to the requirement of real-time computational performance, scalability, and capability of handling static/dynamic obstacles…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Zehui Lu , Tianyu Zhou , Shaoshuai Mou

Model merging aims to integrate the strengths of multiple fine-tuned models into a unified model while preserving task-specific capabilities. Existing methods, represented by task arithmetic, are typically classified into global- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Kunda Yan , Min Zhang , Sen Cui , Zikun Qu , Bo Jiang , Feng Liu , Changshui Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of agentic AI systems that reason, plan, and act by invoking external tools. However, most existing agentic architectures remain centralized and monolithic, limiting scalability,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward solving complex, real-world tasks that single-agent systems often struggle to manage. While recent advancements in test-time scaling (TTS) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Qixin Zhang , Yujin Tang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Tong Che

A crucial challenge in decentralized systems is state estimation in the presence of unknown inputs, particularly within heterogeneous sensor networks with dynamic topologies. While numerous consensus algorithms have been introduced, they…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Zida Wu , Ankur Mehta

This paper studies distributed resource allocation problem in multi-agent systems, where all the agents cooperatively minimize the sum of their cost functions with global resource constraints over stochastic communication networks. This…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Tie Ding , Shanying Zhu , Cailian Chen , Xinping Guan

Swarm robotics explores the coordination of multiple robots to achieve collective goals, with collective decision-making being a central focus. This process involves decentralized robots autonomously making local decisions and communicating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Inmo Jang