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A critical challenge in social science research is the high cost associated with experiments involving human participants. We identify Synthetic Discussion Generation (SDG), a novel Natural Language Processing (NLP) direction aimed at…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Dimitris Tsirmpas , Ion Androutsopoulos , John Pavlopoulos

Target-guided response generation enables dialogue systems to smoothly transition a conversation from a dialogue context toward a target sentence. Such control is useful for designing dialogue systems that direct a conversation toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Prakhar Gupta , Harsh Jhamtani , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Moving from limited-domain natural language generation (NLG) to open domain is difficult because the number of semantic input combinations grows exponentially with the number of domains. Therefore, it is important to leverage existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-04 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young

Cross-domain natural language generation (NLG) is still a difficult task within spoken dialogue modelling. Given a semantic representation provided by the dialogue manager, the language generator should generate sentences that convey…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Bo-Hsiang Tseng , Florian Kreyssig , Pawel Budzianowski , Inigo Casanueva , Yen-Chen Wu , Stefan Ultes , Milica Gasic

Data sparsity is a well-known problem for grammatical error correction (GEC). Generating synthetic training data is one widely proposed solution to this problem, and has allowed models to achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Chowdhury Rafeed Rahman

The importance of Synthetic Data Generation (SDG) has increased significantly in domains where data quality is poor or access is limited due to privacy and regulatory constraints. One such domain is recruitment, where publicly available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Andrea Iommi , Antonio Mastropietro , Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Salvatore Ruggieri

The public availability of collections containing user preferences is of vital importance for performing offline evaluations in the field of recommender systems. However, the number of rating datasets is limited because of the costs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Diego Monti , Giuseppe Rizzo , Maurizio Morisio

Large Language Models (LLMs) has shown exceptional capabilities in many natual language understanding and generation tasks. However, the personalization issue still remains a much-coveted property, especially when it comes to the multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Hongru Wang , Wenyu Huang , Yang Deng , Rui Wang , Zezhong Wang , Yufei Wang , Fei Mi , Jeff Z. Pan , Kam-Fai Wong

Contemporary Human Computer Interaction (HCI) research relies primarily on neural network models for machine vision and speech understanding of a system user. Such models require extensively annotated training datasets for optimal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Muhammad Ali Farooq , Dan Bigioi , Rishabh Jain , Wang Yao , Mariam Yiwere , Peter Corcoran

Large language model (LLM) driven synthetic data generation has emerged as a powerful method for improving model reasoning capabilities. However, most methods either distill large state-of-the-art models into small students or use natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Alex Havrilla , Edward Hughes , Mikayel Samvelyan , Jacob Abernethy

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been used widely to generate large volumes of synthetic data. This data is being utilized for augmenting with real examples in order to train deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Binod Bhattarai , Seungryul Baek , Rumeysa Bodur , Tae-Kyun Kim

Question Answering (QA) datasets have been instrumental in developing and evaluating Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities. However, such datasets are scarce for languages other than English due to the cost and difficulties of collection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Gayane Ghazaryan , Erik Arakelyan , Pasquale Minervini , Isabelle Augenstein

Semantic parsing, which converts natural language questions into logic forms, plays a crucial role in reasoning within structured environments. However, existing methods encounter two significant challenges: reliance on extensive manually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Xiang Huang , Jiayu Shen , Shanshan Huang , Sitao Cheng , Xiaxia Wang , Yuzhong Qu

Reliable machine learning and statistical analysis rely on diverse, well-distributed training data. However, real-world datasets are often limited in size and exhibit underrepresentation across key subpopulations, leading to biased…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-15 Xinyu Tian , Xiaotong Shen

Data scarcity is one of the main obstacles of domain adaptation in spoken language understanding (SLU) due to the high cost of creating manually tagged SLU datasets. Recent works in neural text generative models, particularly latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Kang Min Yoo , Youhyun Shin , Sang-goo Lee

To effectively interact with the real world, Large Language Models (LLMs) require entity-based commonsense reasoning, a challenging task that necessitates integrating factual knowledge about specific entities with commonsense inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Armin Toroghi , Faeze Moradi Kalarde , Scott Sanner

Programming machines with commonsense reasoning (CSR) abilities is a longstanding challenge in the Artificial Intelligence community. Current CSR benchmarks use multiple-choice (and in relatively fewer cases, generative) question-answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Henrique Santos , Ke Shen , Alice M. Mulvehill , Yasaman Razeghi , Deborah L. McGuinness , Mayank Kejriwal

Despite the dramatic success in image generation, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) still face great challenges in synthesizing sequences of discrete elements, in particular human language. The difficulty in generator training arises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Yekun Chai , Qiyue Yin , Junge Zhang

Crowd counting is a critical task in computer vision, with several important applications. However, existing counting methods rely on labor-intensive density map annotations, necessitating the manual localization of each individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Adriano D'Alessandro , Ali Mahdavi-Amiri , Ghassan Hamarneh

Deep learning models perform poorly on tasks that require commonsense reasoning, which often necessitates some form of world-knowledge or reasoning over information not immediately present in the input. We collect human explanations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Nazneen Fatema Rajani , Bryan McCann , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher