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Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) technology have enabled systems to generate speech that is often indistinguishable from human speech, bringing benefits to accessibility, content creation, and human-computer interaction. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Yifan Yang , Hui Wang , Bing Han , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li , Yong Qin , Xie Chen

Algorithms for text-generation in dialogue can be misguided. For example, in task-oriented settings, reinforcement learning that optimizes only task-success can lead to abysmal lexical diversity. We hypothesize this is due to poor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

While reinforcement learning (RL) has been successful in natural language processing (NLP) domains such as dialogue generation and text-based games, it typically faces the problem of sparse rewards that leads to slow or no convergence.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Ameet Deshpande , Eve Fleisig

We describe a transfer method based on annotation projection to develop a dependency-based semantic role labeling system for languages for which no supervised linguistic information other than parallel data is available. Unlike previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Maryam Aminian , Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Mona Diab

Language is an interface to the outside world. In order for embodied agents to use it, language must be grounded in other, sensorimotor modalities. While there is an extended literature studying how machines can learn grounded language, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Tristan Karch , Laetitia Teodorescu , Katja Hofmann , Clément Moulin-Frier , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Game theory is a powerful framework for reasoning about strategic interactions, with applications in domains ranging from day-to-day life to international politics. However, applying formal reasoning tools in such contexts is challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang

We propose a framework that leverages foundation models as teachers, guiding a reinforcement learning agent to acquire semantically meaningful behavior without human feedback. In our framework, the agent receives task instructions grounded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Taewook Nam , Juyong Lee , Jesse Zhang , Sung Ju Hwang , Joseph J. Lim , Karl Pertsch

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated emergent in-context learning (ICL) capabilities across a range of tasks, including zero-shot time-series forecasting. We show that text-trained foundation models can accurately extrapolate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jiajun Bao , Nicolas Boullé , Toni J. B. Liu , Raphaël Sarfati , Christopher J. Earls

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) are two powerful approaches for building autonomous agents. However, due to limited understanding of the game environment, agents often resort to inefficient exploration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ziyu Chen , Zhiqing Xiao , Xinbei Jiang , Junbo Zhao

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) enable compelling story generation, but connecting narrative text to playable visual environments remains an open challenge in procedural content generation (PCG). We present a lightweight…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yi-Chun Chen , Arnav Jhala

Natural language processing has made significant inroads into learning the semantics of words through distributional approaches, however representations learnt via these methods fail to capture certain kinds of information implicit in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Tiago Ramalho , Tomáš Kočiský , Frederic Besse , S. M. Ali Eslami , Gábor Melis , Fabio Viola , Phil Blunsom , Karl Moritz Hermann

Text-based games provide an interactive way to study natural language processing. While deep reinforcement learning has shown effectiveness in developing the game playing agent, the low sample efficiency and the large action space remain to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang

Explaining reinforcement learning agents is challenging because policies emerge from complex reward structures and neural representations that are difficult for humans to interpret. Existing approaches often rely on curated demonstrations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Sahar Admoni , Assaf Hallak , Yftah Ziser , Omer Ben-Porat , Ofra Amir

Planning is an important capability of artificial agents that perform long-horizon tasks in real-world environments. In this work, we explore the use of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to reason about plan sequences from text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Anthony Z. Liu , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Sungryull Sohn , Honglak Lee

World models improve a learning agent's ability to efficiently operate in interactive and situated environments. This work focuses on the task of building world models of text-based game environments. Text-based games, or interactive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Mark O. Riedl

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, enabling intuitive understanding and manipulation of objects in three-dimensional space. While foundation models demonstrate remarkable performance on some benchmarks, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan-Yun Sun , Weiyu Liu , Siyi Gu , Dylan Lim , Goutam Bhat , Federico Tombari , Manling Li , Nick Haber , Jiajun Wu

Text summarization has a wide range of applications in many scenarios. The evaluation of the quality of the generated text is a complex problem. A big challenge to language evaluation is that there is a clear divergence between existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Ning Wu , Ming Gong , Linjun Shou , Shining Liang , Daxin Jiang

As evaluation designs of large language models may shape our trajectory toward artificial general intelligence, comprehensive and forward-looking assessment is essential. Existing benchmarks primarily assess static knowledge, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayin Wang , Zhiquang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

The field of natural language processing (NLP) has recently witnessed a transformative shift with the emergence of foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) that have revolutionized text-based NLP. This paradigm has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marco Gaido , Sara Papi , Matteo Negri , Luisa Bentivogli