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We derive time and energy-optimal control policies for a Connected Autonomous Vehicle (CAV) to complete lane change maneuvers in mixed traffic. The interaction between CAVs and Human-Driven Vehicles (HDVs) requires designing the best…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-31 Anni Li , Andres S. Chavez Armijos , Christos G. Cassandras

This study presents a hierarchical, network-level traffic flow control framework for mixed traffic consisting of Human-driven Vehicles (HVs), Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs). The framework jointly optimizes vehicle-level eco-driving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ziyan Zhang , Changxin Wan , Peng Hao , Kanok Boriboonsomsin , Matthew J. Barth , Yongkang Liu , Seyhan Ucar , Guoyuan Wu

In intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), incorporating pedestrians and vehicles in-the-loop is crucial for developing realistic and safe traffic management solutions. However, there is falls short of simulating complex real-world ITS…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Xiaolong Li , Jianhao Wei , Haidong Wang , Li Dong , Ruoyang Chen , Changyan Yi , Jun Cai , Dusit Niyato , Xuemin , Shen

Ensuring operational control over automated vehicles is not trivial and failing to do so severely endangers the lives of road users. An integrated approach is necessary to ensure that all agents play their part including drivers, occupants,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-15 Simeon C. Calvert , Stig Johnsen , Ashwin George

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) technologies promise to attenuate undesired traffic disturbances. However, in mixed traffic where human-driven vehicles (HDVs) also exist, the nonlinear human-driving behavior has brought critical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Jie Li , Jiawei Wang , Shengbo Eben Li , Keqiang Li

This paper serves as an introduction and overview of the potentially useful models and methodologies from artificial intelligence (AI) into the field of transportation engineering for autonomous vehicle (AV) control in the era of mixed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Xuan Di , Rongye Shi

The prediction of surrounding vehicle trajectories is crucial for collision-free path planning. In this study, we focus on a scenario where a connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) serves as the central agent, utilizing both sensors and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Xi Chen , Rahul Bhadani , Zhanbo Sun , Larry Head

The proliferation of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has positioned mixed traffic environments, which encompass both CAVs and human driven vehicles (HDVs), as critical components of emerging mobility systems. Signalized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Filippos N. Tzortzoglou , Logan E. Beaver , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Verification and validation (V&V) of autonomous vehicles (AVs) typically requires exhaustive testing across a variety of operating environments and driving scenarios including rare, extreme, or hazardous situations that might be difficult…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Giovanni Martino , Pranav Nair , Venkat Krovi

Multi-conflict traffic is ubiquitous. Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) offer unprecedented opportunities to enhance safety, reduce emissions, and increase throughput through precise coordination and automation. However, existing CAV…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Fan Pu , Zihao Li , Sivakumar Rathinam , Minghui Zheng , Yang Zhou

The rapid development of cyber-physical systems is driving a transition toward mixed traffic environments comprising both human-driven and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). This shift presents a unique opportunity to leverage the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Filippos N. Tzortzoglou , Pengbo Zhu , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Emerging mobility systems, e.g., connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), shared mobility, and electric vehicles, provide the most intriguing opportunity for enabling users to better monitor transportation network conditions and make better…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Behdad Chalaki , Logan E. Beaver , A M Ishtiaque Mahbub , Heeseung Bang , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

In this paper, we study mixed traffic systems that move along a single-lane ring-road or open-road. The traffic flow forms a platoon, which includes a number of heterogeneous human-driven vehicles (HDVs) together with only one connected and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-29 Shima Sadat Mousavi , Somayeh Bahrami , Anastasios Kouvelas

The augmented scale and complexity of urban transportation networks have significantly increased the execution time and resource requirements of vehicular network simulations, exceeding the capabilities of sequential simulators. The need…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Mohammad A Hoque , Xiaoyan Hong , Md Salman Ahmed

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have the potential to improve traffic throughput and achieve a more efficient utilization of the available roadway infrastructure. They also have the potential to reduce energy consumption through…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-19 Nathan Goulet , Beshah Ayalew

A typical urban signalized intersection poses significant modeling and control challenges in a mixed traffic environment consisting of connected automated vehicles (CAVs) and human-driven vehicles (HDVs). In this paper, we address the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-24 A M Ishtiaque Mahbub , Viet-Anh Le , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Digital Twin, as an emerging technology related to Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT), has attracted increasing attentions during the past decade. Conceptually, a Digital Twin is a digital replica of a physical entity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-05 Ziran Wang , Kyungtae Han , Prashant Tiwari

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) provide the most intriguing opportunity to optimize energy consumption and travel time. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature that allow CAVs to coordinate in situations where there…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-11 A M Ishtiaque Mahbub , Andreas A. Malikopoulos , Liuhui Zhao

Active Traffic Management strategies are often adopted in real-time to address such sudden flow breakdowns. When queuing is imminent, Speed Harmonization (SH), which adjusts speeds in upstream traffic to mitigate traffic showckwaves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Paul Young Joun Ha , Sikai Chen , Jiqian Dong , Runjia Du , Yujie Li , Samuel Labi

Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) offer unparalleled opportunities to revolutionize existing transportation systems. In the near future, CAVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) are expected to coexist, forming a mixed traffic system.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Ximin Yue , Yunlong Zhang , Zihao Li , Yang Zhou