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Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) excels in multimodal tasks such as image-text retrieval and zero-shot classification but struggles with fine-grained understanding due to its focus on coarse-grained short captions. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chunyu Xie , Bin Wang , Fanjing Kong , Jincheng Li , Dawei Liang , Gengshen Zhang , Dawei Leng , Yuhui Yin

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and cardiac amyloidosis (CA) are both heart conditions that can progress to heart failure if untreated. They exhibit similar echocardiographic characteristics, often leading to diagnostic challenges. This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-26 Bo Peng , Xiaofeng Li , Xinyu Li , Zhenghan Wang , Hui Deng , Xiaoxian Luo , Lixue Yin , Hongmei Zhang

Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) is a non-invasive method to evaluate coronary artery anatomy and disease. CTCA is ideal for geometry reconstruction to create virtual models of coronary arteries. To our knowledge there is no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Ramtin Gharleghi , Dona Adikari , Katy Ellenberger , Mark Webster , Chris Ellis , Arcot Sowmya , Sze-Yuan Ooi , Susann Beier

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common and strong threat to human beings, featuring high prevalence, disability and mortality. The amount of coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an effective factor for CVD risk evaluation.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-29 Jiechao Ma , Rongguo Zhang

Pathological alterations in the human vascular system underlie many chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms. However, manually analyzing diagnostic images of the vascular system, such as computed tomographic angiograms…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-29 Alireza Bagheri Rajeoni , Breanna Pederson , Ali Firooz , Hamed Abdollahi , Andrew K. Smith , Daniel G. Clair , Susan M. Lessner , Homayoun Valafar

The increasing prevalence of lumbar spinal canal stenosis has resulted in a surge of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), leading to labor-intensive interpretation and significant inter-reader variability, even among expert radiologists. This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Arnesh Batra , Arush Gumber , Anushk Kumar

Electrocardiograms (ECGs), a medical monitoring technology recording cardiac activity, are widely used for diagnosing cardiac arrhythmia. The diagnosis is based on the analysis of the deformation of the signal shapes due to irregular heart…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Parshuram N. Aarotale , Ajita Rattani

Background. Cardiac dominance classification is essential for SYNTAX score estimation, which is a tool used to determine the complexity of coronary artery disease and guide patient selection toward optimal revascularization strategy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Ivan Kruzhilov , Egor Ikryannikov , Artem Shadrin , Ruslan Utegenov , Galina Zubkova , Ivan Bessonov

Stroke is the second most frequent cause of death worldwide with a considerable economic burden on the health systems. In about 15% of strokes, atherosclerotic carotid plaques (ACPs) constitute the main etiological factor. Early detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-27 Lazar Kats , Marilena Vered , Ayelet Zlotogorski-Hurvitz , Itai Harpaz

This paper addresses the challenge of developing a robust audio-visual deepfake detection model. In practical use cases, new generation algorithms are continually emerging, and these algorithms are not encountered during the development of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kyungbok Lee , You Zhang , Zhiyao Duan

Non-contact video-based physiological measurement has many applications in health care and human-computer interaction. Practical applications require measurements to be accurate even in the presence of large head rotations. We propose the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Weixuan Chen , Daniel McDuff

The rigid registration of aortic Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) and Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) can provide 3D anatomical details of the vasculature for the interventional surgical treatment of conditions such as aortic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Wentao Liu , Bowen Liang , Weijin Xu , Tong Tian , Qingsheng Lu , Xipeng Pan , Haoyuan Li , Siyu Tian , Huihua Yang , Ruisheng Su

Foundation models are becoming increasingly effective in the medical domain, offering pre-trained models on large datasets that can be readily adapted for downstream tasks. Despite progress, fetal ultrasound images remain a challenging…

Temporal echocardiography image registration is a basis for clinical quantifications such as cardiac motion estimation, myocardial strain assessments, and stroke volume quantifications. In past studies, deep learning image registration…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Md. Kamrul Hasan , Haobo Zhu , Guang Yang , Choon Hwai Yap

Ear related concerns and symptoms represents the leading indication for seeking pediatric healthcare attention. Despite the high incidence of such encounters, the diagnostic process of commonly encountered disease of the middle and external…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Weiyao Wang , Aniruddha Tamhane , Christine Santos , John R. Rzasa , James H. Clark , Therese L. Canares , Mathias Unberath

Accurate extraction of coronary arteries from invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is important in clinical decision-making for the diagnosis and risk stratification of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we develop a method using…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-22 Yinghui Meng , Zhenglong Du , Chen Zhao , Minghao Dong , Drew Pienta , Zhihui Xu , Weihua Zhou

This study aims to mitigate these biases and enhance QA analysis by applying a path-length correction (PLC) correction, followed by singular value decomposition (SVD)-based deconvolution, to angiograms obtained through both in-silico and…

Automated interpretation of ultrasound imaging of the heart (echocardiograms) could improve the detection and treatment of aortic stenosis (AS), a deadly heart disease. However, existing deep learning pipelines for assessing AS from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Zhe Huang , Xiaowei Yu , Benjamin S. Wessler , Michael C. Hughes

Chest X-ray imaging remains the primary diagnostic tool for pulmonary and cardiac disorders worldwide, yet its accuracy is hampered by radiologist shortages and inter-observer variability. This study presents a systematic comparative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Ali M. Bahram , Saman Muhammad Omer , Hardi M. Mohammed

Reliable interpretation of cardiac ultrasound images is essential for accurate clinical diagnosis and assessment. Self-supervised learning has shown promise in medical imaging by leveraging large unlabelled datasets to learn meaningful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-18 Youssef Megahed , Salma I. Megahed , Robin Ducharme , Inok Lee , Adrian D. C. Chan , Mark C. Walker , Steven Hawken