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Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in a multitude of NLP tasks. However, the efficacy of such models to languages other than English is often limited. Prior works have shown that encoder-only models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Sunayana Sitaram

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as semantic encoders and decoders in semantic communication. However, current LLM based systems mostly remain monolithic: a single prompted model, or a tightly coupled transmitter/receiver…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Jingwen Fu , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

Code translation tools (transpilers) are developed for automatic source-to-source translation. Although learning-based transpilers have shown impressive enhancement against rule-based counterparts, owing to their task-specific pre-training…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zhen Yang , Fang Liu , Zhongxing Yu , Jacky Wai Keung , Jia Li , Shuo Liu , Yifan Hong , Xiaoxue Ma , Zhi Jin , Ge Li

The success of large pretrained language models (LMs) such as BERT and RoBERTa has sparked interest in probing their representations, in order to unveil what types of knowledge they implicitly capture. While prior research focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Ivan Vulić , Edoardo Maria Ponti , Robert Litschko , Goran Glavaš , Anna Korhonen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive translation capabilities even without being explicitly trained on parallel data. This remarkable property has led some to believe that parallel data is no longer necessary for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Muhammad Reza Qorib , Junyi Li , Hwee Tou Ng

Cross-lingual representations of words enable us to reason about word meaning in multilingual contexts and are a key facilitator of cross-lingual transfer when developing natural language processing models for low-resource languages. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Anders Søgaard

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their exceptional understanding, synthesizing, and reasoning capabilities. However, deploying LLMs on resource-constrained edge devices presents significant…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yue Zheng , Yuhao Chen , Bin Qian , Xiufang Shi , Yuanchao Shu , Jiming Chen

Cross-lingual context retrieval (extracting contextual information in one language based on requests in another) is a fundamental aspect of cross-lingual alignment, but the performance and mechanism of it for large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Changjiang Gao , Hankun Lin , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, achieving near-human levels in multiple language understanding challenges and aligning closely with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Zhenyi Wang , Li Zou , Shengyun Wei , Kai Li , Feifan Liao , Haibo Mi , Rongxuan Lai

Groundbreaking advancements in text-to-image generation have recently been achieved with the emergence of diffusion models. These models exhibit a remarkable ability to generate highly artistic and intricately detailed images based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Ziyi Dong , Yao Xiao , Pengxu Wei , Liang Lin

With hundreds of thousands of language models available on Huggingface today, efficiently evaluating and utilizing these models across various downstream, tasks has become increasingly critical. Many existing methods repeatedly learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Richard Zhuang , Tianhao Wu , Zhaojin Wen , Andrew Li , Jiantao Jiao , Kannan Ramchandran

Large language models (LLMs) based on decoder-only transformers have demonstrated superior text understanding capabilities compared to CLIP and T5-series models. However, the paradigm for utilizing current advanced LLMs in text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Bingqi Ma , Zhuofan Zong , Guanglu Song , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Large decoder-only language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in generation and reasoning tasks, where they generate text responses given instructions. However, many applications, e.g., retrieval augmented generation (RAG),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Caojin Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Ke Li , Sai Vidyaranya Nuthalapati , Benyu Zhang , Jason Liu , Serena Li , Lizhu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan

Knowledge editing allows for efficient adaptation of large language models (LLMs) to new information or corrections without requiring full retraining. However, prior methods typically focus on either single-language editing or basic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yuchen Wu , Liang Ding , Li Shen , Dacheng Tao

The language ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is often unbalanced towards English because of the imbalance in the distribution of the pre-training data. This disparity is demanded in further fine-tuning and affecting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Leonardo Ranaldi , Giulia Pucci , Andre Freitas

Language models are increasingly used not only as standalone predictors but also as components in larger inference systems, from test-time reasoning to multi-model collaboration. We study language model networks, where pre-trained language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shiguang Wu , Yaqing Wang , Quanming Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit a gap between their internal knowledge and their explicit linguistic outputs. In this report, we empirically investigate whether Looped Transformers (LTs)--architectures that increase computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Guanxu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

This survey offers a comprehensive overview of Large Language Models (LLMs) designed for Arabic language and its dialects. It covers key architectures, including encoder-only, decoder-only, and encoder-decoder models, along with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Malak Mashaabi , Shahad Al-Khalifa , Hend Al-Khalifa

Recent multimodal embedding approaches leveraging multimodal large language models (MLLMs) fine-tuned with contrastive learning (CL) have shown promising results, yet the underlying reasons behind their superiority remain underexplored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chenghao Xiao , Hou Pong Chan , Hao Zhang , Weiwen Xu , Mahani Aljunied , Yu Rong

Pre-trained multilingual language encoders, such as multilingual BERT and XLM-R, show great potential for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer. However, these multilingual encoders do not precisely align words and phrases across languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Kuan-Hao Huang , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang