English

Loop as a Bridge: Can Looped Transformers Truly Link Representation Space and Natural Language Outputs?

Computation and Language 2026-01-16 v1 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit a gap between their internal knowledge and their explicit linguistic outputs. In this report, we empirically investigate whether Looped Transformers (LTs)--architectures that increase computational depth by iterating shared layers--can bridge this gap by utilizing their iterative nature as a form of introspection. Our experiments reveal that while increasing loop iterations narrows the gap, it is partly driven by a degradation of their internal knowledge carried by representations. Moreover, another empirical analysis suggests that current LTs' ability to perceive representations does not improve across loops; it is only present in the final loop. These results suggest that while LTs offer a promising direction for scaling computational depth, they have yet to achieve the introspection required to truly link representation space and natural language.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.10242,
  title  = {Loop as a Bridge: Can Looped Transformers Truly Link Representation Space and Natural Language Outputs?},
  author = {Guanxu Chen and Dongrui Liu and Jing Shao},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.10242},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

9 pages,6 figures