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Many real life networks present an average path length logarithmic with the number of nodes and a degree distribution which follows a power law. Often these networks have also a modular and self-similar structure and, in some cases -…
Many real life networks present an average path length logarithmic with the number of nodes and a degree distribution which follows a power law. Often these networks have also a modular and self-similar structure and, in some cases -…
In this paper we introduce a family of planar, modular and self-similar graphs which have small-world and scale-free properties. The main parameters of this family are comparable to those of networks associated to complex systems, and…
A rooted phylogenetic network is a directed acyclic graph with a single root, whose sinks correspond to a set of species. As such networks are useful for representing the evolution of species that have undergone reticulate evolution, there…
Although two-dimensional periodic structures have functioned as the primary platform for exploring topological phenomena, recent advances have substantially expanded this research boundary to include more intricate, aperiodic structures:…
We apply model theoretic methods to the problem of existence of countable universal graphs with finitely many forbidden connected subgraphs. We show that to a large extent the question reduces to one of local finiteness of an…
For any fixed integer $R \geq 2$ we characterise the typical structure of undirected graphs with vertices $1, ..., n$ and maximum degree $R$, as $n$ tends to infinity. The information is used to prove that such graphs satisfy a labelled…
A partially embedded graph (or PEG) is a triple (G,H,\H), where G is a graph, H is a subgraph of G, and \H is a planar embedding of H. We say that a PEG (G,H,\H) is planar if the graph G has a planar embedding that extends the embedding \H.…
Recent genomic and bioinformatic advances have motivated the development of numerous random network models purporting to describe graphs of biological, technological, and sociological origin. The success of a model has been evaluated by how…
Kuratowski's theorem says that the minimal (under subgraph containment) graphs that are not planar are the subdivisions of $K_5$ and of $K_{3,3}$. Here we study the minimal (under subdigraph containment) strongly-connected digraphs that are…
We investigate exponential families of random graph distributions as a framework for systematic quantification of structure in networks. In this paper we restrict ourselves to undirected unlabeled graphs. For these graphs, the counts of…
A fundamental characteristic of computer networks is their topological structure. The question of the description of the structural characteristics of computer networks represents a problem that is not completely solved. Search methods for…
Negative conductance elements are key to shape the input-output behavior at the terminals of a network through localized positive feedback amplification. The balance of positive and negative differential conductances creates singularities…
This paper is the last paper in a series of five papers. Building on earlier papers in this series, we prove an analogue of Kuratowski's characterisation of graph planarity for three dimensions. More precisely, a simply connected…
This paper develops a structural theory of unique shortest paths in real-weighted graphs. Our main goal is to characterize exactly which sets of node sequences, which we call path systems, can be realized as unique shortest paths in a graph…
We provide a characterization of two types of directed homology for fully-connected, feedforward neural network architectures. These exact characterizations of the directed homology structure of a neural network architecture are the first…
In Functional Analysis, certain conclusions apply to sequences, but they cannot be carried over when we consider nets. In fact, some nets, including sequences, can behave unexpectedly. In this paper we are interested in exploring the…
In this short note we provide a proof of boundedness of solutions for a network system composed of heterogeneous nonlinear autonomous systems interconnected over a directed graph. The sole assumptions imposed are that the systems are…
Most real-world networks are embedded in latent geometries. If a node in a network is found in the vicinity of another node in the latent geometry, the two nodes have a disproportionately high probability of being connected by a link. The…
This paper studies the enumeration of seven subclasses of level-$2$ phylogenetic networks under various planarity and structural constraints, including terminal planar, tree-child, and galled networks. We derive their exponential generating…