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In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI), generative large language models (LLMs) stand at the forefront, revolutionizing how we interact with our data. However, the computational intensity and memory consumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Xupeng Miao , Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Zhang , Xinhao Cheng , Hongyi Jin , Tianqi Chen , Zhihao Jia

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities. To further enhance LLM capabilities, recent agentic systems, such as Deep Research, incorporate web interactions into LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Song Bian , Minghao Yan , Anand Jayarajan , Gennady Pekhimenko , Shivaram Venkataraman

The integration of large language models (LLMs) and search engines represents a significant evolution in knowledge acquisition methodologies. However, determining the knowledge that an LLM already possesses and the knowledge that requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiejun Tan , Zhicheng Dou , Yutao Zhu , Peidong Guo , Kun Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

Traditional query optimization relies on cost-based optimizers that estimate execution cost (e.g., runtime, memory, and I/O) using predefined heuristics and statistical models. Improving these heuristics requires substantial engineering…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mehmet Hamza Erol , Xiangpeng Hao , Federico Bianchi , Ciro Greco , Jacopo Tagliabue , James Zou

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

Recent progress in Language Models (LMs) has dramatically advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP), excelling at tasks like text generation, summarization, and question answering. However, their inference remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Adarsh Prasad Behera , Jaya Prakash Champati , Roberto Morabito , Sasu Tarkoma , James Gross

In long context scenarios, large language models (LLMs) face three main challenges: higher computational cost, performance reduction, and position bias. Research indicates that LLM performance hinges on the density and position of key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of AI, demonstrating unprecedented capacity across various tasks. However, the inference process for LLMs comes with significant computational costs. In this paper, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zangwei Zheng , Xiaozhe Ren , Fuzhao Xue , Yang Luo , Xin Jiang , Yang You

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly popular, caching responses so that they can be reused by users with semantically similar queries has become a vital strategy for reducing inference costs and latency. Existing caching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Baran Atalar , Xutong Liu , Jinhang Zuo , Siwei Wang , Wei Chen , Carlee Joe-Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) in search applications increasingly prioritize verbose, lexically complex responses that paradoxically reduce user satisfaction and engagement. Through a comprehensive study of 10.000 (est.) participants…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Carlo Esposito

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is quickly becoming the standard methodology to design neural network models. However, NAS is typically compute-intensive because multiple models need to be evaluated before choosing the best one. To reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Abhinav Mehrotra , Łukasz Dudziak , Nicholas D. Lane

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Large language models have high compute, latency, and memory requirements. While specialized accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs typically run these workloads, CPUs are more widely available and consume less energy. Accelerating LLMs with…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence by optimizing traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) workflows, facilitating their integration into various systems. Many such NLP systems, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jiliang Ni , Jiachen Pu , Zhongyi Yang , Kun Zhou , Hui Wang , Xiaoliang Xiao , Dakui Wang , Xin Li , Jingfeng Luo , Conggang Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in assisting users to query databases in natural language. While LLM-based techniques provide state-of-the-art results on many standard benchmarks, their performance significantly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Nina Narodytska , Shay Vargaftik

Augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) enhance the capabilities of standalone LLMs by integrating external data sources through API calls. In interactive LLM applications, efficient scheduling is crucial for maintaining low request…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rana Shahout , Cong Liang , Shiji Xin , Qianru Lao , Yong Cui , Minlan Yu , Michael Mitzenmacher

Neural architecture search (NAS) provides a systematic framework for automating the design of neural network architectures, yet its widespread adoption is hindered by prohibitive computational requirements. Existing zero-cost proxy methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhen-Song Chen , Hong-Wei Ding , Xian-Jia Wang , Witold Pedrycz

Long-range tasks demand reasoning over long inputs. However, existing solutions are limited, e.g., long-context models require large compute budgets, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) needs training data, and retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Dulhan Jayalath , James Bradley Wendt , Nicholas Monath , Sandeep Tata , Beliz Gunel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have long held sway in the realms of artificial intelligence research. Numerous efficient techniques, including weight pruning, quantization, and distillation, have been embraced to compress LLMs, targeting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xuan Shen , Pu Zhao , Yifan Gong , Zhenglun Kong , Zheng Zhan , Yushu Wu , Ming Lin , Chao Wu , Xue Lin , Yanzhi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing how users interact with information systems, yet their high inference cost poses serious scalability and sustainability challenges. Caching inference responses, allowing them to be retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Xutong Liu , Baran Atalar , Xiangxiang Dai , Jinhang Zuo , Siwei Wang , John C. S. Lui , Wei Chen , Carlee Joe-Wong