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As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in civic, educational, and political information environments, concerns about their potential political bias have grown. Prior research often evaluates such bias through simulated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Tai-Quan Peng , Kaiqi Yang , Sanguk Lee , Hang Li , Yucheng Chu , Yuping Lin , Hui Liu

Language carries implicit human biases, functioning both as a reflection and a perpetuation of stereotypes that people carry with them. Recently, ML-based NLP methods such as word embeddings have been shown to learn such language biases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Xavier Ferrer-Aran , Tom van Nuenen , Natalia Criado , Jose M. Such

Research in emotion analysis is scattered across different label formats (e.g., polarity types, basic emotion categories, and affective dimensions), linguistic levels (word vs. sentence vs. discourse), and, of course, (few well-resourced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sven Buechel , Luise Modersohn , Udo Hahn

Polarization and unexpected correlations between opinions on diverse topics (including in politics, culture and consumer choices) are an object of sustained attention. However, numerous theoretical models do not seem to convincingly explain…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Abdou Majeed Alidou , Júlia Baligács , Max Hahn-Klimroth , Jan Hązła , Lukas Hintze , Olga Scheftelowitsch

The widespread integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates rigorous and systematic safety evaluation. Existing paradigms either rely on constructed benchmarks to assess safety from predefined perspectives, or employ dynamic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiaoyue Lu , Xianglin Yang , Haijun Liu , Jiahao Liu , Kuntai Cai , Yan Xiao , Jin Song Dong

As deep learning based models are increasingly being used for information retrieval (IR), a major challenge is to ensure the availability of test collections for measuring their quality. Test collections are generated based on pooling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Emine Yilmaz , Nick Craswell , Bhaskar Mitra , Daniel Campos

Human conversations contain many types of information, e.g., knowledge, common sense, and language habits. In this paper, we propose a conversational word embedding method named PR-Embedding, which utilizes the conversation pairs $…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Wentao Ma , Yiming Cui , Ting Liu , Dong Wang , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Most of existing work learn sentiment-specific word representation for improving Twitter sentiment classification, which encoded both n-gram and distant supervised tweet sentiment information in learning process. They assume all words…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Shufeng Xiong

A word's sentiment depends on the domain in which it is used. Computational social science research thus requires sentiment lexicons that are specific to the domains being studied. We combine domain-specific word embeddings with a label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-27 William L. Hamilton , Kevin Clark , Jure Leskovec , Dan Jurafsky

Parameter tuning for robotic systems is a time-consuming and challenging task that often relies on domain expertise of the human operator. Moreover, existing learning methods are not well suited for parameter tuning for many reasons…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Maegan Tucker , Kejun Li , Yisong Yue , Aaron D. Ames

With internet quickly becoming an easy access to many, voice calling over internet is slowly gaining momentum. Individuals has been engaging in video communication across the world in different languages. The decade saw the emergence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Aneek Barman Roy

Word embeddings provide an unsupervised way to understand differences in word usage between discursive communities. A number of recent papers have focused on identifying words that are used differently by two or more communities. But word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Thyge Enggaard , August Lohse , Morten Axel Pedersen , Sune Lehmann

Imbalanced data commonly exists in real world, espacially in sentiment-related corpus, making it difficult to train a classifier to distinguish latent sentiment in text data. We observe that humans often express transitional emotion between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Tao Zhang , Xing Wu , Meng Lin , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Speech encodes multiple simultaneous attributes -- linguistic content, speaker identity, dialect, gender --that conventional single-vector embeddings conflate. We present a factor-partitioned embedding framework that maps each utterance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Jim O'Regan , Jens Edlund

Despite an ever growing number of word representation models introduced for a large number of languages, there is a lack of a standardized technique to provide insights into what is captured by these models. Such insights would help the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Gözde Gül Şahin , Clara Vania , Ilia Kuznetsov , Iryna Gurevych

Active Learning (AL) is a learning task that requires learners interactively query the labels of the sampled unlabeled instances to minimize the training outputs with human supervisions. In theoretical study, learners approximate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Xiaofeng Cao , Ivor W. Tsang , Guandong Xu

Knowledge probing assesses to which degree a language model (LM) has successfully learned relational knowledge during pre-training. Probing is an inexpensive way to compare LMs of different sizes and training configurations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jacek Wiland , Max Ploner , Alan Akbik

The topology of the hyperlink graph among pages expressing different opinions may influence the exposure of readers to diverse content. Structural bias may trap a reader in a polarized bubble with no access to other opinions. We model…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Shahrzad Haddadan , Cristina Menghini , Matteo Riondato , Eli Upfal

Digital traces of conversations in micro-blogging platforms and OSNs provide information about user opinion with a high degree of resolution. These information sources can be exploited to under- stand and monitor collective behaviors. In…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Mauro Coletto , Claudio Lucchese , Salvatore Orlando , Raffaele Perego

We present a framework that allows users to incorporate the semantics of their domain knowledge for topic model refinement while remaining model-agnostic. Our approach enables users to (1) understand the semantic space of the model, (2)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Mennatallah El-Assady , Rebecca Kehlbeck , Christopher Collins , Daniel Keim , Oliver Deussen