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Heisenberg's breakthrough in his July 1925 paper that set in motion the development of Quantum Mechanics through subsequent papers by Born, Jordan, Heisenberg and also Dirac (from 1925 to 1927) is reexamined through a modern lens. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Tuck C. Choy

Credible reasons are presented to reveal that many of the lingering century old enigmas, surrounding the behavior of at least an individual quantum particle, can be comprehended in terms of an objectively real specific wave function. This…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-09-09 Mani L. Bhaumik

I review the various algebraic foundations of quantum mechanics. They have been suggested since the birth of this theory till up to last year. They are the following ones: Heisenberg-Born-Jordan (1925), Weyl (1928), Dirac (1930), von…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 Antonino Drago

The purpose of this work is to retrace the steps that were made by scientists of XX century, like Bohr, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Pauli, Dirac, for the formulation of what today represents the modern quantum mechanics and that, within two…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-07-02 Luca Nanni

This paper explores the historical development of the theory of quantum mechanics between 1900 and 1927 by chronological examination of the foundational papers and ideas. Beginning with Planck's introduction of energy quantisation in…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Eren Volkan Küçük

A new formulation of quantum mechanics based on differential commutator brackets is developed. We have found a wave equation representing the fermionic particle. In this formalism, the continuity equation mixes the Klein-Gordon and…

General Physics · Physics 2012-03-21 Arbab I. Arbab , Faisal A. Yassein

Solitary-particle quantum mechanics' inherent compatibility with special relativity is implicit in Schroedinger's postulated wave-function rule for the operator quantization of the particle's canonical three-momentum, taken together with…

General Physics · Physics 2010-05-25 Steven Kenneth Kauffmann

We develop a new concept of quantum mechanics which is based on a generalized space-time and on an action vector space similar to it. Both spaces are provided by algebraic properties. This allows to calculate the Dirac matrixes and to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. A. Ketsaris

This article is concerned with the role of fundamental principles in theoretical physics, especially quantum theory. The fundamental principles of relativity will be be addressed as well in view of their role in quantum electrodynamics and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Arkady Plotnitsky

The Dirac equation is a cornerstone in the history of physics, merging successfully quantum mechanics with special relativity, providing a natural description of the electron spin and predicting the existence of anti-matter. Furthermore, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-08 R. Gerritsma , G. Kirchmair , F. Zähringer , E. Solano , R. Blatt , C. F. Roos

The theory of Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics was created (or discovered) back in the 1920's mainly by Schr\"odinger and Heisenberg, but it is fair enough to say that a more modern and unified approach to the subject was introduced by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-01 Augusto Cesar Lobo , Clyffe de Assis Ribeiro

In 1926, Dirac stated that quantum mechanics can be obtained from classical theory through a change in the only rule. In his view, classical mechanics is formulated through commutative quantities (c-numbers) while quantum mechanics requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-20 Vladimir V. Kisil

This paper offers educational insight into the Dirac equation, examining its historical context and contrasting it with the earlier Schr\"odinger and Klein-Gordon (KG) equations. The comparison highlights their Lorentz transformation…

About 50 years ago, in 1958, Dirac published his formulation of generalized Hamiltonian dynamics for gravitation. Several years later Arnowitt, Deser and Misner (ADM) proposed their description of the dynamics of General Relativity which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-24 T. P. Shestakova

A derivation is presented of the quantummechanical wave equations based upon the Equity Principle of Einstein's General Relativity Theory. This is believed to be more generic than the common derivations based upon Einstein's energy…

General Physics · Physics 2007-07-19 Engel Roza

Paul A. M. Dirac has been undoubtedly one of the central figures of the last century physics, contributing in several and remarkable ways to the development of Quantum Mechanics (QM); he was also at the centre of an active community of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Andrea Oldofredi , Michael Esfeld

The theory of scale relativity provides a new insight into the origin of fundamental laws in physics. Its application to microphysics allows us to recover quantum mechanics as mechanics on a non-differentiable (fractal) spacetime. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-13 Marie-Noëlle Célérier , Laurent Nottale

The theory of scale relativity provides a new insight into the origin of fundamental laws in physics. Its application to microphysics allows to recover quantum mechanics as mechanics on a non-differentiable (fractal) space-time. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Marie-Noelle Celerier , Laurent Nottale

The Klein Gordon equation was the first attempt at unifying special relativity and quantum mechanics. While initially discarded this equation of "many fathers" can be used in understanding spinless particles that consequently led to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Manik Kapil , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

A universal quantum wave equation that yields Dirac, Klein-Gordon, Schrodinger and quantum heat equations is derived. These equations are related by complex transformation of space, time and mass. The new symmetry exhibited by these…

General Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Arbab I. Arbab
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