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Large language model (LLM) agents require long-term memory to leverage information from past interactions. However, existing memory systems often face a fidelity--efficiency trade-off: raw dialogue histories are expensive, while flat facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wentao Qiu , Haotian Hu , Fanyi Wang , Jinwei Kong , Yu Zhang

Language Models (LMs) are important components in several Natural Language Processing systems. Recurrent Neural Network LMs composed of LSTM units, especially those augmented with an external memory, have achieved state-of-the-art results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Giancarlo D. Salton , John D. Kelleher

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in open-ended dialogue, yet their inability to retain and retrieve relevant information from long-term interactions limits their effectiveness in applications requiring sustained…

Reasoning over ultra-long documents requires synthesizing sparse evidence scattered across distant segments under strict memory constraints. While streaming agents enable scalable processing, their passive memory update strategy often fails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xinyu Wang , Mingze Li , Peng Lu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Lifeng Shang , Jinping Li , Fei Mi , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Yufei Cui

Language models (LMs) and their extension, vision-language models (VLMs), have achieved remarkable performance across various tasks. However, they still struggle with complex reasoning tasks that require multimodal or multilingual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Wenyi Wu , Zixuan Song , Kun Zhou , Yifei Shao , Zhiting Hu , Biwei Huang

Large Language Model (LLM) agents use memory to learn from past interactions, enabling autonomous planning and decision-making in complex environments. However, this reliance on memory introduces a critical security risk: an adversary can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Qianshan Wei , Tengchao Yang , Yaochen Wang , Xinfeng Li , Lijun Li , Zhenfei Yin , Yi Zhan , Thorsten Holz , Zhiqiang Lin , XiaoFeng Wang

Memory plays a central role in enabling large language models (LLMs) to operate over sequential tasks by accumulating and reusing experience over time. However, existing evaluations of LLM memory mostly rely on aggregate metrics such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Songwei Dong , Zihan Chen , Chengshuai Shi , Peng Wang , Jundong Li , Cong Shen

Memory emerges as the core module in the large language model (LLM)-based agents for long-horizon complex tasks (e.g., multi-turn dialogue, game playing, scientific discovery), where memory can enable knowledge accumulation, iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yanchen Wu , Tenghui Lin , Yingli Zhou , Fangyuan Zhang , Qintian Guo , Xun Zhou , Sibo Wang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

LLM agents that operate over long context depend on external memory to accumulate knowledge over time. However, existing methods typically store each observation as a single deterministic conclusion (e.g., inferring "API~X failed" from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junfeng Liao , Qizhou Wang , Jianing Zhu , Bo Du , Rui Yan , Xiuying Chen

The impressive generalization performance of modern neural networks is attributed in part to their ability to implicitly memorize complex training patterns. Inspired by this, we explore a novel mechanism to improve model generalization via…

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to harness user-item interaction histories for item generation has emerged as a promising paradigm in generative recommendation. However, the limited context window of LLMs often restricts them to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Chengbing Wang , Yang Zhang , Fengbin Zhu , Jizhi Zhang , Tianhao Shi , Fuli Feng

Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in developing high-level autonomous driving. However, for high-dimensional tasks, current RL methods suffer from low data efficiency and oscillation in the training process. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Yuhang Zhang , Yao Mu , Yujie Yang , Yang Guan , Shengbo Eben Li , Qi Sun , Jianyu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for next-generation recommender systems, offering strong semantic understanding and natural-language reasoning abilities. Despite recent progress, current LLM-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shijun Li , Wooseong Yang , Yu Wang , Tianxin Wei , Joydeep Ghosh

Existing memory systems enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to support long-horizon human-LLM interactions by persisting historical interactions beyond limited context windows. However, while recent approaches have succeeded in constructing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haidong Xin , Xinze Li , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Modern foundation models such as large language models (LLMs) and large multi-modal models (LMMs) require a massive amount of computational and memory resources. We propose a new framework to convert such LLMs/LMMs into a reduced-dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu , Wang , Matthew Brand

We introduce LEGOMem, a modular procedural memory framework for multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems in workflow automation. LEGOMem decomposes past task trajectories into reusable memory units and flexibly allocates them across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Dongge Han , Camille Couturier , Daniel Madrigal Diaz , Xuchao Zhang , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

While current large language models (LLMs) perform well on many knowledge-related tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with memorizing rare events and with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ali Modarressi , Abdullatif Köksal , Ayyoob Imani , Mohsen Fayyaz , Hinrich Schütze

Agentic memory systems have become critical for enabling LLM agents to maintain long-term context and retrieve relevant information efficiently. However, existing memory frameworks suffer from a fundamental limitation: they perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Anxin Tian , Yiming Li , Xing Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Lei Chen , Xianzhi Yu , Zhenhua Dong , Mingxuan Yuan

Long-term personalized memory for LLM agents is challenging on resource-limited edge devices due to high storage costs and multimodal complexity. To address this, we propose ScrapMem, a framework that integrates multimodal data into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiale Chang , Yuxiang Ren

Reducing latency and energy consumption is critical to improving the efficiency of memory systems in modern computing. This work introduces ReLMXEL (Reinforcement Learning for Memory Controller with Explainable Energy and Latency…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Panuganti Chirag Sai , Gandholi Sarat , R. Raghunatha Sarma , Venkata Kalyan Tavva , Naveen M