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This paper presents a systematic overview of parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, covering over 50 papers published between early 2019 and mid-2024. These methods aim to address the challenges of fine-tuning large language models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Vladislav Lialin , Vijeta Deshpande , Xiaowei Yao , Anna Rumshisky

We evaluate whether frontier LLMs are ready for cybersecurity through a dual-mode benchmark: white-box function-level vulnerability detection (VulnLLM-R, across C/Java/Python) and black-box web application security testing (five…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Vivek Dahiya , Sunny Nehra , Vipul Dholariya , Bhavik Shangari , Chandra Khatri

We describe our system for SemEval-2020 Task 11 on Detection of Propaganda Techniques in News Articles. We developed ensemble models using RoBERTa-based neural architectures, additional CRF layers, transfer learning between the two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Anton Chernyavskiy , Dmitry Ilvovsky , Preslav Nakov

Software plays a crucial role in our daily lives, and therefore the quality and security of software systems have become increasingly important. However, vulnerabilities in software still pose a significant threat, as they can have serious…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Chaozheng Wang , Zongjie Li , Yun Peng , Shuzheng Gao , Sirong Chen , Shuai Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Michael R. Lyu

Software vulnerabilities present a persistent security challenge, with over 25,000 new vulnerabilities reported in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database in 2024 alone. While deep learning based approaches show promise for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Ahmed Lekssays , Hamza Mouhcine , Khang Tran , Ting Yu , Issa Khalil

Recently, Automated Vulnerability Localization (AVL) has attracted growing attention, aiming to facilitate diagnosis by pinpointing the specific lines of code responsible for vulnerabilities. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jian Zhang , Chong Wang , Anran Li , Weisong Sun , Cen Zhang , Wei Ma , Yang Liu

Programming is a core skill in computer science and software engineering (SE), yet identifying and resolving code errors remains challenging for both novice and experienced developers. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Md Faizul Ibne Amin , Yutaka Watanobe , Md. Mostafizer Rahman , Daniel M. Muepu , Md. Shahajada Mia

The budgeted model training challenge aims to train an efficient classification model under resource limitations. To tackle this task in ImageNet-100, we describe a simple yet effective resource-aware backbone search framework composed of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Youngjun Kwak , Seonghun Jeong , Yunseung Lee , Changick Kim

This study evaluates the resilience of large language models (LLMs) against adversarial attacks, specifically focusing on Flan-T5, BERT, and RoBERTa-Base. Using systematically designed adversarial tests through TextFooler and BERTAttack, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Taniya Gidatkar , Oluwaseun Ajao , Matthew Shardlow

Pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) on web-scale datasets becomes fundamental for advancing general-purpose AI. In contrast, enhancing their predictive performance on downstream tasks typically involves adapting their knowledge…

The rapid evolution of malware variants requires robust classification methods to enhance cybersecurity. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential for generating malware descriptions to aid family classification, their utility is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ivan Montoya Sanchez , Shaswata Mitra , Aritran Piplai , Sudip Mittal

Efficient detectors for edge devices are often optimized for parameters or speed count metrics, which remain in weak correlation with the energy of detectors. However, some vision applications of convolutional neural networks, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Peng Tu , Xu Xie , Guo AI , Yuexiang Li , Yawen Huang , Yefeng Zheng

Large language models are increasingly adopted as semantic backbones for neural text-to-speech systems. However, frozen LLM representations are insufficient for modeling speaker specific acoustic and perceptual characteristics. Our…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Anupam Purwar , Aditya Choudhary

Large-scale image datasets are often partially labeled, where only a few categories' labels are known for each image. Assigning pseudo-labels to unknown labels to gain additional training signals has become prevalent for training deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chak Fong Chong , Xinyi Fang , Jielong Guo , Yapeng Wang , Wei Ke , Chan-Tong Lam , Sio-Kei Im

Labeling training data is a key bottleneck in the modern machine learning pipeline. Recent weak supervision approaches combine labels from multiple noisy sources by estimating their accuracies without access to ground truth labels; however,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-15 Paroma Varma , Frederic Sala , Ann He , Alexander Ratner , Christopher Ré

Assessing disease severity with ordinal classes, where each class reflects increasing severity levels, benefits from loss functions designed for this ordinal structure. Traditional categorical loss functions, like Cross-Entropy (CE), often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Gorkem Polat , Ümit Mert Çağlar , Alptekin Temizel

Source code vulnerability detection aims to identify inherent vulnerabilities to safeguard software systems from potential attacks. Many prior studies overlook diverse vulnerability characteristics, simplifying the problem into a binary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Shangqing Liu , Wei Ma , Jian Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Ruitao Feng , Yang Liu

Both encoder-only models (e.g., BERT, RoBERTa) and large language models (LLMs, e.g., Llama3) have been widely used for text classification tasks. However, there is a lack of systematic studies comparing the performance of encoder-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hang Zhao , Qile P. Chen , Yijing Barry Zhang , Gang Yang

High-quality smart contract vulnerability datasets are critical for evaluating security tools and advancing smart contract security research. Two major limitations of current manual dataset construction are (1) labor-intensive and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiachi Chen , Yiming Shen , Jiashuo Zhang , Zihao Li , John Grundy , Zhenzhe Shao , Yanlin Wang , Jiashui Wang , Ting Chen , Zibin Zheng

E-commerce customers in developing nations like India tend to follow no fixed format while entering shipping addresses. Parsing such addresses is challenging because of a lack of inherent structure or hierarchy. It is imperative to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Shreyas Mangalgi , Lakshya Kumar , Ravindra Babu Tallamraju