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Magnetic wind braking drives the spin-down of low-mass stars and the evolution of most interacting binary stars. A magnetic braking prescription that was claimed to reproduce both the period distribution of cataclysmic variables (CVs) and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 Valentina Ortúzar-Garzón , Matthias R. Schreiber , Diogo Belloni

Angular momentum loss through magnetic braking drives the spin-down of low-mass stars and the orbital evolution of various close binary systems. Current theories for magnetic braking, often calibrated for specific types of systems, predict…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-31 Joaquín A. Barraza-Jorquera , Matthias R. Schreiber , Diogo Belloni

Context. The evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs) - interacting binaries where a low-mass donor transfers matter to a white dwarf via an accretion disk - is critically controlled by magnetic braking (MB). Significant uncertainties…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Bingyao Zhou , Chunhua Zhu , Guoliang Lü , Sufen Guo , Helei Liu , Farkhodjon Khamrakulov

The saturated, boosted, and disrupted magnetic braking (SBD MB) model is an empirical prescription that has recently gained support from close-binary observations. Different boosting ($K$) and disruption ($\eta$) parameters appear necessary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-18 Vladislav Dodon , Xiang-Dong Li , Xiao-jie Xu , Ilkham Galiullin , Askar Sibgatullin

In this paper we study the impact of chemically evolved secondaries on CV evolution. We find that when evolved secondaries are included a spread in the secondary mass-orbital period plane comparable to that seen in the data is produced for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 N. Andronov , M. H. Pinsonneault

Period bouncers are cataclysmic variables (CVs) that have evolved past their orbital period minimum. The strong disagreement between theory and observations of the relative fraction of period bouncers is a severe shortcoming in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-21 Arnab Sarkar , Antonio C. Rodriguez , Sivan Ginzburg , Lev Yungelson , Christopher A. Tout

Magnetic braking causes the spin-down of single stars as they evolve on the main sequence. Models of magnetic braking can also explain the evolution of close binary systems, including cataclysmic variables. The well-known period gap in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-24 G. A. J. Hussain

I review our current understanding of the evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs). I first provide a brief introductory "CV primer", in which I describe the physical structure of CVs, as well as their astrophysical significance. The main…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-05 Christian Knigge

We reconstruct the evolutionary path followed by cataclysmic variables (CVs) from the observed mass-radius relationship of their donor stars. Along the way, we update the semi-empirical CV donor sequence of Knigge (2006) and present a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Christian Knigge , Isabelle Baraffe , Joseph Patterson

I review what we know about the donor stars in cataclysmic variables (CVs), focusing particularly on the close link between these binary components and the overall secular evolution of CVs. I begin with a brief overview of the "standard…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Christian Knigge

We give an updated version of the analytical equation of state used in the Cambridge stellar evolution code (STARS) as a free to use open-source package that we have used to model cool white dwarfs down to temperatures…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-29 Arnab Sarkar , Christopher A. Tout

One of the most important problems in the context of cataclysmic variables (CVs) is the lack of observations of systems with periods between 2 and 3.12 hours, known as the period gap. The orbital evolution of CVs with periods shorter than…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 C. Garraffo , J. J. Drake , J. D. Alvarado-Gomez , S. P. Moschou , O. Cohen

Context. Recent observations of close detached eclipsing M and K dwarf binaries have provided substantial support for magnetic saturation when stars rotate sufficiently fast, leading to a magnetic braking (MB) torque proportional to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-09 Diogo Belloni , Matthias R. Schreiber , Maxwell Moe , Kareem El-Badry , Ken J. Shen

We present the first population synthesis of synchronous magnetic cataclysmic variables, called polars, taking into account the effect of the white dwarf (WD) magnetic field on angular momentum loss. We implemented the reduced magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Diogo Belloni , Matthias R. Schreiber , Anna F. Pala , Boris T. Gänsicke , Mónica Zorotovic , Claudia V. Rodrigues

We present the results of the study of cataclysmic variables (CVs) and AM Canum Venaticorum (AM CVn) stars with our double dynamo (DD) formalism of angular momentum loss (AML) by magnetic braking (MB). We show that (1) our MB model…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-09 Arnab Sarkar , Hongwei Ge , Lev Yungelson , Christopher A. Tout

Recent studies revealed discrepancies between observations and the predictions of the standard magnetic braking (MB). Although alternative models have been broadly discussed in neutron star binaries, they have not been systematically tested…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-27 Wen-Shi Tang , Xiang-Dong Li , Zhe Cui , Zhu-Ling Deng , Wei-Min Gu

We apply the angular momentum loss rates inferred from open cluster stars to the evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs). We show that the angular momentum prescriptions used in earlier CV studies are inconsistent with the measured…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 N. Andronov , M. Pinsonneault , A. Sills

A central hypothesis in the theory of cataclysmic variable (CV) evolution is the need to explain the observed lack of accreting systems in the ~2-3 h orbital period range, known as the period gap. The standard model, disrupted magnetic…

The evolution of Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) is driven by period-changes ($\dot{P}$), for which the long-venerable consensus is the Magnetic Braking Model (MBM). The MBM has its only distinctive assumption being a power-law `recipe'…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-22 Bradley E. Schaefer

We extend a magnetic braking (MB) model, which has been used earlier to address the evolution of cataclysmic variables, to address the spin period $P_\mathrm{spin}$ evolution of fully convective M dwarf (FCMD) stars. The MB mechanism is an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-18 Arnab Sarkar , Lev Yungelson , Christopher A. Tout
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