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Understanding temporal dynamics is critical for conversational agents, enabling effective content analysis and informed decision-making. However, time-aware datasets, particularly for persona-grounded conversations, are still limited, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wanqi Yang , Yanda Li , Meng Fang , Ling Chen

Agentic systems, AI architectures that autonomously execute multi-step workflows to achieve complex goals, are often built using repeated large language model (LLM) calls for closed-set decision tasks such as routing, shortlisting, gating,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ido Levy , Eilam Shapira , Yinon Goldshtein , Avi Yaeli , Nir Mashkif , Segev Shlomov

The current paradigm of test-time scaling relies on generating long reasoning traces ("thinking" more) before producing a response. In agent problems that require interaction, this can be done by generating thinking traces before acting in…

Conversational agents have traditionally been developed for either task-oriented dialogue (TOD) or open-ended chitchat, with limited progress in unifying the two. Yet, real-world conversations naturally involve fluid transitions between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yejin Yoon , Yuri Son , Namyoung So , Minseo Kim , Minsoo Cho , Chanhee Park , Seungshin Lee , Taeuk Kim

We study the problem of continual test-time adaption where the goal is to adapt a source pre-trained model to a sequence of unlabelled target domains at test time. Existing methods on test-time training suffer from several limitations: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Kien X. Nguyen , Fengchun Qiao , Xi Peng

Test-Time Learning (TTL) enables language agents to iteratively refine their performance through repeated interactions with the environment at inference time. At the core of TTL is an adaptation policy that updates the actor policy based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhanzhi Lou , Hui Chen , Yibo Li , Qian Wang , Bryan Hooi

Developing an agent capable of adapting to unseen environments remains a difficult challenge in imitation learning. This work presents Adaptive Return-conditioned Policy (ARP), an efficient framework designed to enhance the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Changyeon Kim , Younggyo Seo , Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee , Kimin Lee

There is a growing demand for agentic AI technologies for a range of downstream applications like customer service and personal assistants. For applications where the agent needs to interact with a person, real-time low-latency…

Many intelligent systems currently interact with others using at least one of fixed communication inputs or preset responses, resulting in rigid interaction experiences and extensive efforts developing a variety of scenarios for the system.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Richard G. Freedman , Yi Ren Fung , Roman Ganchin , Shlomo Zilberstein

Response generation is one of the critical components in task-oriented dialog systems. Existing studies have shown that large pre-trained language models can be adapted to this task. The typical paradigm of adapting such extremely large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sandesh Swamy , Narges Tabari , Chacha Chen , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Mental health assessment is crucial for early intervention and effective treatment, yet traditional clinician-based approaches are limited by the shortage of qualified professionals. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have sparked…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Jinpeng Hu , Ao Wang , Qianqian Xie , Hui Ma , Zhuo Li , Dan Guo

Web-based agents powered by large language models are increasingly used for tasks such as email management or professional networking. Their reliance on dynamic web content, however, makes them vulnerable to prompt injection attacks:…

Modern approaches to text to speech require the entire input character sequence to be processed before any audio is synthesised. This latency limits the suitability of such models for time-sensitive tasks like simultaneous interpretation.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Devang S Ram Mohan , Raphael Lenain , Lorenzo Foglianti , Tian Huey Teh , Marlene Staib , Alexandra Torresquintero , Jiameng Gao

End-to-end task bots are typically learned over a static and usually limited-size corpus. However, when deployed in dynamic, changing, and open environments to interact with users, task bots tend to fail when confronted with data that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Xiaoying Zhang , Baolin Peng , Jianfeng Gao , Helen Meng

Large language models have paved the way to powerful and flexible AI agents, assisting humans by increasingly integrating into their daily life. This flexibility, potential, and growing adoption demands a holistic and cross-disciplinary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Pierluca D'Oro , Caley Drooff , Joy Chen , Joseph Tighe

We introduce a novel setting, wherein an agent needs to learn a task from a demonstration of a related task with the difference between the tasks communicated in natural language. The proposed setting allows reusing demonstrations from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Prasoon Goyal , Raymond J. Mooney , Scott Niekum

Successful negotiators must learn how to balance optimizing for self-interest and cooperation. Yet current artificial negotiation agents often heavily depend on the quality of the static datasets they were trained on, limiting their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Minae Kwon , Siddharth Karamcheti , Mariano-Florentino Cuellar , Dorsa Sadigh

We propose and deploy an approach to continually train an instruction-following agent from feedback provided by users during collaborative interactions. During interaction, human users instruct an agent using natural language, and provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Alane Suhr , Yoav Artzi

We propose an adaptive multi-agent clustering recognition system that can be self-supervised driven, based on a temporal sequences continuous learning mechanism with adaptability. The system is designed to use some different functional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Xingyu Qian , Aximu Yuemaier , Longfei Liang , Wen-Chi Yang , Xiaogang Chen , Shunfen Li , Weibang Dai , Zhitang Song

Test-time adaptation (TTA) adapts the pre-trained models during inference using unlabeled test data and has received a lot of research attention due to its potential practical value. Unfortunately, without any label supervision, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Longhui Yuan , Shuang Li , Zhuo He , Binhui Xie