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Despite recent advances in large language models (LLMs), most QA benchmarks are still confined to single-paragraph or single-document settings, failing to capture the complexity of real-world information-seeking tasks. Practical QA often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jiwon Park , Seohyun Pyeon , Jinwoo Kim , Rina Carines Cabal , Yihao Ding , Soyeon Caren Han

We introduce SciQAG, a novel framework for automatically generating high-quality science question-answer pairs from a large corpus of scientific literature based on large language models (LLMs). SciQAG consists of a QA generator and a QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yuwei Wan , Yixuan Liu , Aswathy Ajith , Clara Grazian , Bram Hoex , Wenjie Zhang , Chunyu Kit , Tong Xie , Ian Foster

Seeking answers to questions within long scientific research articles is a crucial area of study that aids readers in quickly addressing their inquiries. However, existing question-answering (QA) datasets based on scientific papers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shraman Pramanick , Rama Chellappa , Subhashini Venugopalan

When answering complex questions, people can seamlessly combine information from visual, textual and tabular sources. While interest in models that reason over multiple pieces of evidence has surged in recent years, there has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Alon Talmor , Ori Yoran , Amnon Catav , Dan Lahav , Yizhong Wang , Akari Asai , Gabriel Ilharco , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Jonathan Berant

Constructing scientific multimodal document reasoning datasets for foundation model training involves an inherent trade-off among scale, faithfulness, and realism. To address this challenge, we introduce the synthesize-and-reground…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ziyu Chen , Yilun Zhao , Chengye Wang , Rilyn Han , Manasi Patwardhan , Arman Cohan

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in the biomedical domain requires benchmarks that can distinguish reasoning from pattern matching and remain discriminative as model capabilities improve. Existing biomedical question answering (QA)…

Question-answering (QA) that comes naturally to humans is a critical component in seamless human-computer interaction. It has emerged as one of the most convenient and natural methods to interact with the web and is especially desirable in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Deepak Gupta

We present SQuAI (https://squai.scads.ai/), a scalable and trustworthy multi-agent retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework for scientific question answering (QA) with large language models (LLMs). SQuAI addresses key limitations of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ines Besrour , Jingbo He , Tobias Schreieder , Michael Färber

The exponential growth of AI in science necessitates efficient and scalable solutions for retrieving and preserving research information. Here, we present a tool for the development of a customized question-answer (QA) dataset, called…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qiming Liu , Zhongzheng Niu , Siting Liu , Mao Tian

Question Answering (QA) is a natural language processing task that aims at obtaining relevant answers to user questions. While some progress has been made in this area, biomedical questions are still a challenge to most QA approaches, due…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Andre Lamurias , Diana Sousa , Francisco M. Couto

Scientific literature is typically dense, requiring significant background knowledge and deep comprehension for effective engagement. We introduce SciDQA, a new dataset for reading comprehension that challenges LLMs for a deep understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Shruti Singh , Nandan Sarkar , Arman Cohan

Existing benchmarks for evaluating foundation models mainly focus on single-document, text-only tasks. However, they often fail to fully capture the complexity of research workflows, which typically involve interpreting non-textual data and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuhan Li , Ziyao Shangguan , Yilun Zhao , Deyuan Li , Yixin Liu , Arman Cohan

Multi-hop question answering (QA) remains a significant challenge in the biomedical domain, requiring systems to integrate information across multiple sources to answer complex questions. To address this problem, the BioCreative IX MedHopQA…

The growing volume of academic papers has made it increasingly difficult for researchers to efficiently extract key information. While large language models (LLMs) based agents are capable of automating question answering (QA) workflows for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tiancheng Huang , Ruisheng Cao , Yuxin Zhang , Zhangyi Kang , Zijian Wang , Chenrun Wang , Yijie Luo , Hang Zheng , Lirong Qian , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

A multi-hop question answering (QA) dataset aims to test reasoning and inference skills by requiring a model to read multiple paragraphs to answer a given question. However, current datasets do not provide a complete explanation for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Xanh Ho , Anh-Khoa Duong Nguyen , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Multimodal multihop question answering (MMQA) requires reasoning over images and text from multiple sources. Despite advances in visual question answering, this multihop setting remains underexplored due to a lack of quality datasets.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Amirhossein Abaskohi , Spandana Gella , Giuseppe Carenini , Issam H. Laradji

Scientific documents contain complex multimodal structures, which makes evidence localization and scientific reasoning in Document Visual Question Answering particularly challenging. However, most existing benchmarks evaluate models only at…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wenhan Yu , Zhaoxi Zhang , Wang Chen , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Lei Sha , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang

This research is aimed to propose an artificial intelligence algorithm comprising an ontology-based design, text mining, and natural language processing for automatically generating gap-fill multiple choice questions (MCQs). The simulation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Pornpat Sirithumgul , Pimpaka Prasertsilp , Lorne Olfman

Advances in large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming scientific work, yet empirical evidence on how these systems reshape research activities remains limited. We report a mixed-methods pilot evaluation of an AI-orchestrated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuan An

Obtaining training data for multi-hop question answering (QA) is time-consuming and resource-intensive. We explore the possibility to train a well-performed multi-hop QA model without referencing any human-labeled multi-hop question-answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , Wenhan Xiong , Min-Yen Kan , William Yang Wang
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