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We study the problem of training a flow-based generative model, parametrized by a two-layer autoencoder, to sample from a high-dimensional Gaussian mixture. We provide a sharp end-to-end analysis of the problem. First, we provide a tight…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-20 Hugo Cui , Florent Krzakala , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Lenka Zdeborová

Flow models have rapidly become the go-to method for training and deploying large-scale generators, owing their success to inference-time flexibility via adjustable integration steps. A crucial ingredient in flow training is the choice of…

Gravity inversion is a commonly applied data analysis technique in the field of geophysics. While machine learning methods have previously been explored for the problem of gravity inversion, these are deterministic approaches returning a…

A fundamental problem for waveform-agile radar systems is that the true environment is unknown, and transmission policies which perform well for a particular tracking instance may be sub-optimal for another. Additionally, there is a limited…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Charles E. Thornton , R. Michael Buehrer , Anthony F. Martone

Flow matching policies learn continuous velocity fields that transport noise to actions, enabling fast deterministic inference for robot manipulation. However, standard training optimizes a pointwise velocity objective while inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Riad Ahmed , Sujosh Nag , Moniruzzaman Akash , Mostafa Hussein , Momotaz Begum

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, offering computational advantages over diffusion models by leveraging deterministic Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) instead of stochastic dynamics. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Chengyue Gong , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Jiangxuan Long , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yu Tian

We develop a \emph{flow-matching framework} for transporting probability measures under control-affine dynamics and for steering systems to points or target sets. Starting from the continuity equation associated with the control affine…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Karthik Elamvazhuthi

Bayesian inference for inverse problems hinges critically on the choice of priors. In the absence of specific prior information, population-level distributions can serve as effective priors for parameters of interest. With the advent of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-11 Gabriel Missael Barco , Alexandre Adam , Connor Stone , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

Constructing fast samplers for unconditional diffusion and flow-matching models has received much attention recently; however, existing methods for solving inverse problems, such as super-resolution, inpainting, or deblurring, still require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Kushagra Pandey , Ruihan Yang , Stephan Mandt

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

The ability of Flow Matching (FM) to model complex conditional distributions has established it as the state-of-the-art for prediction tasks (e.g., robotics, weather forecasting). However, deployment in safety-critical settings is hindered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Constantinos Tsakonas , Serena Ivaldi , Jean-Baptiste Mouret

Estimating density ratios between pairs of intractable data distributions is a core problem in probabilistic modeling, enabling principled comparisons of sample likelihoods under different data-generating processes across conditions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Egor Antipov , Alessandro Palma , Lorenzo Consoli , Stephan Günnemann , Andrea Dittadi , Fabian J. Theis

Classical computation of optical flow involves generic priors (regularizers) that capture rudimentary statistics of images, but not long-range correlations or semantics. On the other hand, fully supervised methods learn the regularity in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Yanchao Yang , Stefano Soatto

In a Bayesian setting, inverse problems and uncertainty quantification (UQ) --- the propagation of uncertainty through a computational (forward) model --- are strongly connected. In the form of conditional expectation the Bayesian update…

Conditional sampling is a fundamental task in Bayesian statistics and generative modeling. Consider the problem of sampling from the posterior distribution $P_{X|Y=y^*}$ for some observation $y^*$, where the likelihood $P_{Y|X}$ is known,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Han Cui , Jingbo Liu

We study Variational Rectified Flow Matching, a framework that enhances classic rectified flow matching by modeling multi-modal velocity vector-fields. At inference time, classic rectified flow matching 'moves' samples from a source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Pengsheng Guo , Alexander G. Schwing

Mainstream flow matching methods typically focus on learning the local velocity field, which inherently requires multiple integration steps during generation. In contrast, Mean Velocity Flow models establish a relationship between the local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chenrui Ma

Diffusion and flow-based generative models have achieved remarkable success in domains such as image synthesis, video generation, and natural language modeling. In this work, we extend these advances to weight space learning by leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Daniel Saragih , Deyu Cao , Tejas Balaji

Flow Matching (FM) is a simulation-free method for learning a continuous and invertible flow to interpolate between two distributions, and in particular to generate data from noise. Inspired by the variational nature of the diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-14 Chen Xu , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

When the underlying conditional density is known, conditional expectations can be computed analytically or numerically. When, however, such knowledge is not available and instead we are given a collection of training data, the goal of this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-19 George V. Moustakides