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Recent studies find existing self-supervised speech encoders contain primarily acoustic rather than semantic information. As a result, pipelined supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR) to large language model (LLM) systems achieve…

Learning reward functions for physical skills are challenging due to the vast spectrum of skills, the high-dimensionality of state and action space, and nuanced sensory feedback. The complexity of these tasks makes acquiring expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yuwei Zeng , Yiqing Xu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel at comprehending human instructions and demonstrate remarkable results across a broad spectrum of tasks. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and AI Feedback (RLAIF) further refine LLMs by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ju-Seung Byun , Jiyun Chun , Jihyung Kil , Andrew Perrault

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing tasks, with Reinforcement Learning (RL) playing a key role in adapting them to specific applications. In mathematical problem solving, however, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rihui Xin , Han Liu , Zecheng Wang , Yupeng Zhang , Dianbo Sui , Xiaolin Hu , Bingning Wang

Audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) has been found to be particularly useful at low signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios due to the immunity of the visual features to acoustic noise. However, a significant gap exists in AVSE methods tailored to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Danielle Yaffe , Ferdinand Campe , Prachi Sharma , Dorothea Kolossa , Boaz Rafaely

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their safety and utility. However, existing methods, primarily based on preference datasets, face challenges such as noisy labels, high annotation costs, and privacy concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

Typical large vision-language models (LVLMs) apply autoregressive supervision solely to textual sequences, without fully incorporating the visual modality into the learning process. This results in three key limitations: (1) an inability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Dianyi Wang , Wei Song , Yikun Wang , Siyuan Wang , Kaicheng Yu , Zhongyu Wei , Jiaqi Wang

We present LARL-RM (Large language model-generated Automaton for Reinforcement Learning with Reward Machine) algorithm in order to encode high-level knowledge into reinforcement learning using automaton to expedite the reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Shayan Meshkat Alsadat , Jean-Raphael Gaglione , Daniel Neider , Ufuk Topcu , Zhe Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced in text and vision, but their reasoning on audio remains limited. Most existing methods rely on dense audio embeddings, which are difficult to interpret and often fail on structured reasoning…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Termeh Taheri , Yinghao Ma , Emmanouil Benetos

Speech Language Models (SLMs) aim to learn language from raw audio, without textual resources. Despite significant advances, our current models exhibit weak syntax and semantic abilities. However, if the scaling properties of neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Santiago Cuervo , Ricard Marxer

Recent advancements in Large Language Models(LLMs) have demonstrated their capabilities not only in reasoning but also in invoking external tools, particularly search engines. However, teaching models to discern when to invoke search and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Zeyang Sha , Shiwen Cui , Weiqiang Wang

This paper proposes a novel lip-reading driven deep learning framework for speech enhancement. The proposed approach leverages the complementary strengths of both deep learning and analytical acoustic modelling (filtering based approach) as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Ahsan Adeel , Mandar Gogate , Amir Hussain , William M. Whitmer

This paper presents Seewo's systems for both tracks of the Multilingual Conversational Speech Language Model Challenge (MLC-SLM), addressing automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker diarization with ASR (SD-ASR). We introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Bo Li , Chengben Xu , Wufeng Zhang

Text-to-image models are powerful for producing high-quality images based on given text prompts, but crafting these prompts often requires specialized vocabulary. To address this, existing methods train rewriting models with supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Jianbing Shen

We present an Audio-Visual Language Model (AVLM) for expressive speech generation by integrating full-face visual cues into a pre-trained expressive speech model. We explore multiple visual encoders and multimodal fusion strategies during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Weiting Tan , Jiachen Lian , Hirofumi Inaguma , Paden Tomasello , Philipp Koehn , Xutai Ma

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems normally consist of an acoustic model (AM) and a language model (LM). The acoustic model estimates the probability distribution of text given the input speech, while the language model calibrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qingliang Meng , Pengju Ren , Tian Li , Changsong Dai , Huizhi Liang

Natural language can offer a concise and human-interpretable means of specifying reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. The ability to extract rewards from a language instruction can enable the development of robotic systems that can learn from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Alexey Zakharov , Shimon Whiteson

Recent work shows that reinforcement learning(RL) can markedly sharpen the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) by prompting them to "think before answering." Yet whether and how these gains transfer to audio-language reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Cheng Wen , Tingwei Guo , Shuaijiang Zhao , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

Explainable speech quality assessment requires moving beyond Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) to analyze underlying perceptual dimensions. To address this, we introduce a novel post-training method that tailors the foundational Audio Large…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Elizaveta Kostenok , Mathieu Salzmann , Milos Cernak

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara
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