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Hallucination remains a major reliability barrier for production LLM systems, particularly in multi-agent pipelines where unsupported claims can propagate unchecked across stages. This paper adapts a HOPE-inspired Nested Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Diego Gosmar , Deborah A. Dahl

Multi-agent systems extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing tasks among specialized agents, but their distributed decision process creates new attack surfaces. We identify semantic hijacking, an attack in which harmful requests…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Qiqi Liu , Thorsten Holz , Shilin Ye , Runhan Song

As Large Language Models (LLMs) integrate into critical global infrastructure, the assumption that safety alignment transfers zero-shot from English to other languages remains a dangerous blind spot. This study presents a systematic audit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Muhammad Abdullahi Said , Muhammad Sammani Sani

Driver assistance systems support drivers in operating vehicles in a safe, comfortable and efficient way, and thus may induce changes in traffic flow characteristics. This paper puts forward a receding horizon control framework to model…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-25 Meng Wang , Martin Treiber , Winnie Daamen , Serge P. Hoogendoorn , Bart van Arem

Recently, a growing body of research has focused on either optimizing CTR model architectures to better model feature interactions or refining training objectives to aid parameter learning, thereby achieving better predictive performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Moyu Zhang , Yun Chen , Yujun Jin , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng

There is a dynamic escalation and extension in the new infrastructure, educating personnel and licensing new computer programs in the field of IT, due to the emergence of Cloud Computing (CC) paradigm. It has become a quick growing segment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-24 M. Omer Mushtaq , Furrakh Shahzad , M. Owais Tariq , Mahina Riaz , Bushra Majeed

The deployment of multimodal models in high-stakes domains, such as self-driving vehicles and medical diagnostics, demands not only strong predictive performance but also reliable mechanisms for detecting failures. In this work, we address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Moru Liu , Hao Dong , Olga Fink , Mario Trapp

Leaking information about the execution behavior of critical real-time tasks may lead to serious consequences, including violations of temporal constraints and even severe failures. We study information leakage for a special class of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mohammad Fakhruddin Babar , Zain A. H. Hammadeh , Mohammad Hamad , Monowar Hasan

Adversarial attack perturbs an image with an imperceptible noise, leading to incorrect model prediction. Recently, a few works showed inherent bias associated with such attack (robustness bias), where certain subgroups in a dataset (e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Gaurav Kumar Nayak , Ruchit Rawal , Rohit Lal , Himanshu Patil , Anirban Chakraborty

This paper proposes an anomaly detection method based on federated learning to address key challenges in multi-tenant cloud environments, including data privacy leakage, heterogeneous resource behavior, and the limitations of centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yuxi Wang , Heyao Liu , Nyutian Long , Guanzi Yao

Current LLM safety research predominantly focuses on mitigating Goal Hijacking, preventing attackers from redirecting a model's high-level objective (e.g., from "summarizing emails" to "phishing users"). In this paper, we argue that this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuansen Liu , Yixuan Tang , Anthony Kum Hoe Tun

We study how runtime enforcement against unsafe actions affects end-to-end task performance in multi-step tool using large language model (LLM) agents. Using tau-bench across Airline and Retail domains, we compare baseline Tool-Calling,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tanmay Sah , Vishal Srivastava , Dolly Sah , Kayden Jordan

Truly intelligent systems are expected to make critical decisions with incomplete and uncertain data. Active feature acquisition (AFA), where features are sequentially acquired to improve the prediction, is a step towards this goal.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Yang Li , Siyuan Shan , Qin Liu , Junier B. Oliva

Embodied AI agents exploit reward signal flaws through reward hacking, achieving high proxy scores while failing true objectives. We introduce Mechanistically Interpretable Task Decomposition (MITD), a hierarchical transformer architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Subramanyam Sahoo , Jared Junkin

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is useful for monitoring language models only when the reasoning trace faithfully reflects the computation that produces the final answer. However, models can rely on prompt-to-answer shortcuts that bypass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinghan Jia , Joe Benton , Eric Easley

TRUST Agents is a collaborative multi-agent framework for explainable fact verification and fake news detection. Rather than treating verification as a simple true-or-false classification task, the system identifies verifiable claims,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Gautama Shastry Bulusu Venkata , Santhosh Kakarla , Maheedhar Omtri Mohan , Aishwarya Gaddam

Research on Knowledge Tracing (KT) models traditionally focuses on improving predictive accuracy. However, responsible real-world deployment requires models to know when to defer uncertain predictions to a human teacher. We introduce an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Joshua Mitton , Prarthana Bhattacharyya , Ralph Abboud , Simon Woodhead

Existing agent-safety evaluation has focused mainly on externally induced risks. Yet agents may still enter unsafe trajectories under benign conditions. We study this complementary but underexplored setting through the lens of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jiacheng Wang , Jinchang Hou , Fabian Wang , Ping Jian , Chenfu Bao , Zhonghou Lv

AI-powered edge computing security is moving Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) from passive, rule-based protections to proactive, smart, zero-touch, self-sufficient safeguards that neutralize threats in milliseconds. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zawad Yalmie Sazid , Robert Abbas , Sasa Maric

Academic integrity continues to face the persistent challenge of examination cheating. Traditional invigilation relies on human observation, which is inefficient, costly, and prone to errors at scale. Although some existing AI-powered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Van-Truong Le , Le-Khanh Nguyen , Trong-Doanh Nguyen