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Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) continue to grow in complexity with Large Language Models (LLMs) incorporating vast numbers of parameters. Handling these parameters efficiently in traditional accelerators is limited by data-transmission…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Swastik Bhattacharya , Sanjay Das , Anand Menon , Shamik Kundu , Arnab Raha , Kanad Basu

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) architectures have emerged as a promising solution for accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by mitigating data movement bottlenecks. However, realizing the potential of CIM requires specialized dataflow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Xiaolin He , Cenlin Duan , Yingjie Qi , Xiao Ma , Jianlei Yang

With the increasing application of machine learning (ML) algorithms in embedded systems, there is a rising necessity to design low-cost computer arithmetic for these resource-constrained systems. As a result, emerging models of computation,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Siva Satyendra Sahoo , Salim Ullah , Akash Kumar

This paper investigates a cooperative motion planning problem for large-scale connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) under limited communications, which addresses the challenges of high communication and computing resource requirements. Our…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Haichao Liu , Zhenmin Huang , Zicheng Zhu , Yulin Li , Shaojie Shen , Jun Ma

Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) is an energy-efficient alternative to digital architectures for accelerating machine learning and signal processing workloads. However, its energy efficiency is limited by the high energy cost of the column…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Mihir Kavishwar , Naresh Shanbhag

Low-precision arithmetic operations to accelerate deep-learning applications on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been studied extensively, because they offer the potential to save silicon area or increase throughput. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-20 Julian Faraone , Martin Kumm , Martin Hardieck , Peter Zipf , Xueyuan Liu , David Boland , Philip H. W. Leong

The exponential increase in Machine Learning (ML) model size and complexity has driven unprecedented demand for high-performance acceleration systems. As technology scaling enables the integration of thousands of computing elements onto a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Luca Colagrande , Lorenzo Leone , Chen Wu , Tim Fischer , Raphael Roth , Luca Benini

Various processing-in-memory (PIM) accelerators based on various devices, micro-architectures, and interfaces have been proposed to accelerate deep neural networks (DNNs). How to deploy DNNs onto PIM-based accelerators is the key to explore…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Xiaotian Sun , Xinyu Wang , Wanqian Li , Yinhe Han , Xiaoming Chen

SoCs are now designed with their own AI accelerator segment to accommodate the ever-increasing demand of Deep Learning (DL) applications. With powerful MAC engines for matrix multiplications, these accelerators show high computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Kaniz Mishty , Mehdi Sadi

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators use analog-digital converters (ADCs) to read the analog values that they compute. ADCs can consume significant energy and area, so architecture-level ADC decisions such as ADC resolution or number…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Tanner Andrulis , Ruicong Chen , Hae-Seung Lee , Joel S. Emer , Vivienne Sze

The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard significantly improves compression efficiency over its predecessor, HEVC, but at the cost of substantially higher computational complexity, particularly in intra-frame prediction. This stage employs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Lucas M. Leipnitz de Fraga , Cláudio Machado Diniz

A 28nm dense 6T-SRAM Digital(D)/Analog(A) Hybrid compute-in-memory (CIM) macro supporting complex num-ber MAC operation is presented. By introducing a 2D-weighted Capacitor Array, a hybrid configuration is adopted where digital CIM is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Shota Konno , Che-Kai Liu , Sigang Ryu , Samuel Spetalnick , Arijit Raychowdhury

The need to execute Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) at low latency and low power at the edge has spurred the development of new heterogeneous Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) encapsulating a diverse set of hardware accelerators. How to optimally map a…

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures bring computation closer to data, reducing the processor-memory transfer bottleneck in traditional processor-centric designs. Novel hardware solutions, such as UPMEM's in-memory processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peterson Yuhala , Mpoki Mwaisela , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Training LLMs relies on distributed implementations using multiple GPUs to compute gradients in parallel with sharded optimizers. However, synchronizing gradients in data parallel setups introduces communication overhead that grows with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Adel Nabli , Louis Fournier , Pierre Erbacher , Louis Serrano , Eugene Belilovsky , Edouard Oyallon

Processing-In-Memory (PIM) accelerators have the potential to efficiently run Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference by reducing costly data movement and by using resistive RAM (ReRAM) for efficient analog compute. Unfortunately, overall PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Tanner Andrulis , Joel S. Emer , Vivienne Sze

The widespread adoption of data-centric algorithms, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), has exposed the limitations of centralized processing infrastructures, driving a shift towards edge computing. This…

The growing demand for deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) on edge devices, including laptops, smartphones, and embedded platforms, has exposed fundamental inefficiencies in existing accelerators. While GPUs handle prefill workloads…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jinane Bazzi , Mariam Rakka , Fadi Kurdahi , Mohammed E. Fouda , Ahmed Eltawil

Genome sequence analysis is a powerful tool in medical and scientific research. Considering the inevitable sequencing errors and genetic variations, approximate string matching (ASM) has been adopted in practice for genome sequencing.…

Spatio-Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks (ST-CNN) allow extending CNN capabilities from image processing to consecutive temporal-pattern recognition. Generally, state-of-the-art (SotA) ST-CNNs inflate the feature maps and weights from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Jun Yin , Linyan Mei , Andre Guntoro , Marian Verhelst